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Урок 24. Психиатрические заболевания. (Psychiatric illness)
Текстовый глоссарий:
mental disorders – пси-хичес-кие болезни affective - эмоциональ-ные behavioural – поведен-ческие cognitive – познава-тельные perceptual –перцепци-онные alcohol dependence – алкогольная зависи-мость Down syndrome - Синд-ром Дауна a particular set of facial characteristics – опреде-ленный ряд черт лица a communication dis-order - нарушение процесса передачи ин-формации | an addictive disorder - заболевание, вырабаты-вающее привыкание uncontrolled consumption - неконтролируемое потребление treatable disease – изле-чимое заболевание a chromosomal disorder - хромосомное нарушение physical growth – физи-ческий рост dyssomnias - диссомния – нарушение сна a disturbance – наруше-ние self-esteem - самооценка Learning disability – нес-пособность к учению emotional responsiveness – восприимчивость low mood - плохое настроение |
Psychiatry is the medical specialty devoted to the study and treatment of mental disorders - which include various affective, behavioural, cognitive and perceptual disorders. A medical doctor specializing in psychiatry is a psychiatrist. There is a variety of psychiatric diseases.
Alcoholism, also known as alcohol dependence, is an addictive disorder. It is characterized by uncontrolled consumption of alcohol despite its negative effects on the drinker's health, relationships,and social standing. Like other drug addictions, alcoholism is medically defined as a treatable disease.
Down syndrome is a chromosomal disorder caused by the presence of an extra 21st chromosome. It is named after John Langdon Down, the British physician who described the syndrome in 1866. Often Down syndrome is associated with physical growth, and a particular set of facial characteristics. Down syndrome in a fetus can be identified during pregnancy or in a baby at birth.
Dyssomnias are a broad classification of sleeping disorders that make it difficult to get to sleep, or to remain sleeping, and are characterized by a disturbance in the amount, quality, or timing of sleep.
Depression is a mental disorder characterized by low mood accompanied by low self-esteem, and by loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities.
A communication disorder -speech and language disorders which refer to problems in communication and in related areas such as oral motor function.
Melancholia is a mood disorder of non-specific depression, characterized by low levels of enthusiasm and activity.
Learning disability is a classification including
several disorders in which a person has difficulty learning in a typical manner, usually caused by an unknown factor or factors. The unknown factor is the disorder that affects the brain's ability to receive and process information.
Schizophrenia is a mental illness characterized by a disintegration of the process of thinking, of contact with reality, and of emotional responsiveness.
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