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Данное учебное пособие предназначается для самостоятельной работы студентов-заочников II курса по фронтальному чтению.
Пособие состоит из 6 заданий по рассказам С. Моэма, которые включают упражнения для самостоятельной работы над словарем рассказов, задания по анализу художественного текста, а также творческие задания устного и письменного характера.
Пособие содержит краткие сведения об авторе, его творчестве, которые рекомендуется использовать при выполнении заданий.
Материалы пособия, включая раздел «Приложение»,обеспечивают самостоятельную работу студентов-заочников по углубленному изучению художественных произведений и способствуют развитию навыков устной речи.
William Somerset Maugham (1874 – 1965)
W.S. Maugham, a British novelist, short-story writer and playwright, was born in Paris. He was the son of the solicitor at the British embassy. His very early life in a French-speaking society gave him a mastery of that language and he lived in the South of France from 1930. On the death of his parents he was educated by a relative at Whitstable, Kent, and went to King’s School, Canterbury, and Heidelberg University. He studied medicine at St. Thomas’s Hospital, but though he qualified never practiced. His experiences as a student in London, his medical training, and the influence of the French Naturalistic writers are all seen in his first novel “Liza of Lambeth” (1897), a naturalistic account of the slums of London; Liza and Jim are factory workers and the story of their love starts the development of Maugham’s anti-chivalric heroes and “warm-hearted” heroines.
Maugham was a master of a sharp observation and anti-romantic pen.
His novels include “Of Human Bondage” (1915), “The Moon and Sixpence” (1919), “The Painted Veil” (1925), “Cakes and Ale” (1930), “The Razor’s Edge” (1944) and “Catalina” (1948).
Maugham had a considerable success in the 1920’s with comedies of manners, derived from Oscar Wilde’s gayer and more finished pieces: among Maugham’s plays are “The Circle” (1921), “East of Suez” (1922), “The Letter” (1925) and “The Sacred Flame” (1928).
Two qualities of Maugham as a writer brought him mastery of the short story: an economical and exact means of fixing the sense of place, often exotic places; and an equally economical skill in realizing the crisis of a story. He has written much magazine fiction and his “Complete Short Stories” appeared in 1951 in 3 volumes. Several films (“Quartet”, “Trio”, “Encores”) have been made from combinations of his brilliant tales. “A Writer’s Notebook” (1949) is an interesting glimpse of his travels and an insight into his mind.
* * *
Somerset Maugham is something of a phenomenon: like a violinist equally skilled in pianoforte technique, he can adopt himself to whatever medium he chooses. The stage knows him as an artificer of drawing-room comedy, the short story as a conjurer of the enigmatic East, and the novel as a reporter of humanity’s fetters.
In all his best novels and stories there is an underlying, somewhat hidden significance, pervasive spiritual sense, an important moral council and general view of life and vision of the present world – supplementary to that sole purpose of entertainment continuously announced by the writer.
If you are looking for the deep thoughtfulness in a story or a novel by Maugham you cannot expect to have it underlined for you as such. You must not mistake simplicity for insignificance and must learn to recognize his idea in that envelope of reality in which ideas do actually generate, in incident and in dialogue and in little sequences of cause and effect. You will need to read fairly slowly, pondering somewhat as you go along, and to bear it all in mind for sometime afterward, weighing it against your own experience and ideas and feelings.
***
W.S.Maugham’s mastership as a short-story writer is universally acknowledged. He himself admitted that he drew his characters from life. His skill in creating vivid and original human characters is combined with beauty and refinement of language and style.
William Somerset Maugham is more widely known as a writer of short stories than a dramatist, novelist or critic. Maugham defines a short story as “a piece of fiction, of any length you choose, which deals with a single situation, but this situation, may be a mood, a character or an event.”
His stories speak for themselves. They are distinguished by their lucidity and liveliness. The fact that they are “readable” is sufficient proof of their competence: readability is the first merits and probably accounts for the fact that he is most widely read story writer of the XX-th century.
Until the First World War Maugham’s chief interest was in the drama and novel, and he wrote no more short stories for nearly twenty years. It was not until his war-time journey to the South Seas furnished him with themes which he thought more suitable for the brief narrative than for the novel or drama that he resumed short-story writing. On this journey he took notes on what he observed and listened to other men’s stories. He wrote six somewhat long tales and published them under the title “The Trembling of a Leaf” (1921). The characters are the Europeans in the South Seas, in an alien environment to which they adjust themselves with difficulty and often with loss of balance and tranquility. This book made Maugham’s fame as a writer of short stories as great as his fame as a dramatist and novelist.
* * *
S.Maugham’s rich experience in life, his talent of a master of sharp observation helped him to get insight into human nature. He shows people of various occupations and different social groups. Maugham is impartial to his characters. For him they are neither all good nor all bad. He admits the fact that he cannot bring himself to judge his fellowmen. He writes in “The Summing Up”:”I am content to observe them. My observation has led me to believe that, all in all, there is not so much difference between the good and the bad as the moralists would have us believe … There is not much to choose between men. They are all a hotchpotch of greatness and littleness, of virtue and vice, of nobility and baseness…Selfishness and kindness, idealism and sensuality, vanity, shyness, disinterestedness, courage, laziness, nervousness, obstinacy and diffidence; they can all exist in a single person and form a plausible harmony”.
The conflict between human moral values and philistine standards of society, the revolt of an individual against the accepted conventions of society are the themes that have always fascinated S.Maugham.
General Tasks
1. Read the preface to the booklet and get ready to say a few words on the author and his literary activity.
2. While working through each story get ready to give your observations as to:
a) the type (genre) of the story;
b) the idea(s) expressed;
c) the author’s attitude towards his personages. Pick out from the story those sentences and passages in which the author’s attitude is especially keenly felt;
d) the way in which artistic effect is achieved. Comment on the method used by the author in depicting the characters. Is the character depicted directly, through the author’s descriptions, indirectly – through his actions, behaviour and speech? (Give examples from the story). Is the character presented statically or in development? Do you think that the author managed to create vivid, true-to-life portrait in the character? Is the character to be regarded as a type (a typical figure) or is he just an amusing exception?
3. Comment on the composition of the short story, pointing out exposition, climax and denouement.
4. When reading the short stories take notice of the means used by the author to depict the main characters (portraits, speech characteristics, etc.). Write out into your note-book the sentences and word-combinations, which describe the main characters and use them while discussing the characters at the lesson.
“Mr. Know-All”
I. Consult a dictionary for the pronunciation of the following geographical names. Record their reading:
Beirut; Alexandria
II. Find the following words and word-combinations in the story, give their Russian equivalents and get ready to reproduce them in the situations from the book.
to put up with smth, a fellow-passenger, to go on board (a ship),to share a cabin, to all appearances, to put on airs, to play patience, to dawn on smb, to be a good mixer, to be an affront to smth, to resent smth, to be ill paid, to be in smb’s demeanour, to drop the subject, to rush a new topic, to have a fling at smb, a heated argument, to be in the trade, to tell smth (from smth), to take smb’s word for smth, to bet on smth (to bet smb smth), a desperate appeal, to be caught out, in block letters
III. Paraphrase the following parts of the sentence bringing out their meanings:
1. “I’m all for us English sticking together when we’re abroad.”
2. “I do not wish to put on airs, but I cannot help feeling that it is seemly in a total stranger to put “mister” before my name when he addresses me.”
3. “He was as dogmatic as Mr.Kelada and resented bitterly the Levantine’s cocksureness. ”
4. “If I get a chance of easy money like that I should be all sorts of a fool not to take it.”
IV. Explain the idea and comment on the following sentences:
1. “But when I was told the name of my companion my heart sank. It suggested closed portholes and the night air rigidly excluded.”
2. “I felt pretty sure that a closer inspection of that British passport would have betrayed the fact that Mr. Kelada was born under a bluer sky than is generally seen in England.”
3. “The Union Jack is an impressive piece of drapery, but when it is flourished by a gentleman from Alexandria or Beirut, I cannot feel that it loses somewhat in dignity.”
4. “It (modesty) shone in her like a flower on a coat.”
V. Make a topical vocabulary list pertaining to the topic “appearance”.
VI. Give a written translation the following passage into Russian: “I not only shared a cabin… He was a chap who knew.”)
VII. Do general tasks 2, 3, 4.
VIII. Get ready to answer the following questions. Be sure to write out key words and word-combinations that would help you to answer the questions.
1) Why did the author have to share the cabin with Mr. Kelada and what were his emotions when he heard his fellow-passenger’s name and saw his luggage?
2) Why was Mr. Kelada the best-hated man on board the ship? Who especially resented Mr. Kelada’s cocksureness and why? How does the author show ill feeling towards Mr. Kelada?
3) What do we learn about Mrs. Ramsay. What attracted the author’s attention to her?
4) How did the conversation drift to the subject of pearls and what was the cause of the further heated discussion?
5) Do you find the end of the story unexpected? What does it prove?
IX. Translate the following sentences into English using the active vocabulary.
1) Каждый раз, когда м-р Келада говорил о чем-либо, он не менял тему разговора до тех пор, пока не убеждал собеседника в своей правоте.
2) «Думаю, что глупо держать пари на то, в чем ты совершенно уверен» - сказала миссис Рэмси, скромно опустив глаза.
3) «Как ты думаешь, почему м-р Келада был человеком, которого все ненавидели на корабле?» - «Я не знаю точно, но, судя по всему, людям казалось, что он держался высокомерно».
4) Доктору Пирсону не приходило в голову, что его консерватизм может привести к смерти пациента.
5) Хотя всем врачам не нравились грубые манеры Пирсона, им приходилось мириться с его насмешками и унизительными замечаниями.
X. Make a summary of the story and record it on tape.
Flotsam and Jetsam.
I. Consult a dictionary for the pronunciation of the following geographical names. Record their reading:
Borneo; Singapore; Egypt; The Malay States; Australia; Cairo; Burma; Siam; Hong Kong
II. Find the following words and word-combinations in the story, give their Russian equivalents and get ready to reproduce them in the situations from the book:
Brunch, to press smb to do smth, presently, a likable man, to give smb board and lodging, to seek smb’s company, to need a coat of paint, to be (go) broke, to be on the stage, to play lead (seconds), to be fed up with smth, to be stranded, to be at one’s wits’ end, plight, to get round smb, to account for smth, to ill-afford smth, to fall upon evil days, financial embarrassment, to keep smth bottled up, as fit as a fiddle, a handsome gift, to be on the tip of one’s tongue, to show (smb) off, to have smth at one’s disposal, to get to the bottom of smth, to take to smb, to run risks, to take chances, to surmount obstacles, to cope with smth, to allay suspicion
III. Paraphrase the following parts of the sentence bringing out their meanings:
1. “Presently she gave a violent start for she heard her husband call her”. p. 14.
2. “He was probably manager of an estate on a cut salary, and it was not unlikely that the expense of a guest and his servant was unwelcome”. p.16.
3. “We didn’t do badly in Cairo”. p. 19.
4. Skelton felt the he should tell his host how it had come about that he had been forced to accept a hospitality which he could not but feel was grudgingly offered.
5. “They were mixed up in damned funny business, but no one ever really knew the ins and outs of it …”
6. … he had an Eastern streak in him.
7. “That’s the only way I can get back on him. ”
IV. Explain the idea and comment on the following sentences:
1. “Some people improve unbelievably on acquaintance.”
2. “… when one’s as broke as I am nothing matters much.”
3. What made Grange somewhat unusual was that he was a man without the country.
4. “It was rather absurd, and somehow sinister to see this social pretence in those poverty-stricken surroundings on a Borneo river.”
5. Her course irony was as painful as her anguish.
6. Skelton heaved a great sigh of relief as with their powerful strokes the paddlers took him farther away from that dreadful house and from those two unhappy but yet repellent people.
7. “… he had read them over and over again, but it looked as though he had learnt from them neither charity nor loving-kindness, …”
V. Make up a topical vocabulary list pertaining to the topics “appearance”, “human character”.
VI. Write out sentences with the word “ease” and its derivatives. Translate them into Russian.
VII. Do general tasks 2, 3, 4.
VIII. Get ready to answer the following questions. Be sure to write out the key words and word-combinations that would help you to answer the questions.
1) Under what circumstances did Skelton find himself in the house of Mr. Grange? What struck him about the atmosphere in the house?
2) What facts do we come to know about Norman and Vesta’s past life?
3) What was Mr. Grange like? Did his appearance reveal his true character?
4) What story was on the tip of Mrs. Grange’s tongue?
5) What made the Granges lead a solitary life? Why does the author call them “unhappy but yet repellent people”?
6) What are the dominant words of the story that support its main thread?
7) How do you understand the title of the story?
IX. Translate the following sentences into English using the active vocabulary:
1. В некотором роде именно бедственное положение, в котором оказалась Веста, заставилo её принять предложение мистера Грейнджа.
2. Арлин не могла понять, почему Эдди отказывается от схватки с Джо Принсипи. Насколько ей было известно, Эдди был совершенно здоров и силён.
3. Как ты думаешь, почему Арлин была готова пожертвовать здоровьем своего мужа, чтобы покрасоваться в родном городе? Ведь она знала, что Эдди не мог позволить ей так часто ездить в гости к родным? – Я не знаю точно, но думаю, что она его не любила. Она просто жертва своего эгоизма и недальновидности.
4. Мистер Келада постоянно предлагал всем свою бескорыстную помощь, и ему не приходила в голову мысль, что он был не очень приятный человек, и люди не хотели ни его советов, ни помощи.
5. Грейнджи переживали тяжёлые времена. Было очевидно, что их жизнь проходила зря и они не могли, да и не хотели преодолевать трудности.
X. Write out examples of metaphor, metonymy and simile. Get ready to comment on them at the session.
The Unconquered
I. Consult a dictionary for the pronunciation of the following geographical names. Record their reading:
Munich; Bavaria; Siossons; the Ukrain; the Balkans
II. Find the following words and word-combinations in the story, give their Russian equivalents and get ready to reproduce them in the situations from the book.
to stare at smb, to be unconscious, a victor, a conqueror, to declare war on/upon smb, to clench one’s fists, to be as sober as a judge, an armistice, to delay smth, to peel potatoes, to send smb. on an errand, to grudge smb smth, to get on one’s nerves, to make headway, to excite smb’s derision, to go to rack and ruin, to be called to the colours, to frequent smth, to have smth in store for smb, owing to, to give smb a hand, a mutiny, to come to the conclusion, to earn one’s living, to accept the consequences, to let bygones be bygones, to bear smb malice, to make amends, in cold blood, to be a reproach to smb, a deliverance, to come to terms with smb, the rank and file
III. Paraphrase the following parts of the sentence bringing out their meanings:
1. Hans shrugged a scornful shoulder.
2. He’d left the food at the farm and he had no doubt that the old people had wolfed it.
3. That look out of the window made them almost fellow conspirators.
4. She wasn’t his type. She wasn’t very pretty. There was nothing to her.
5. He hadn’t had a bad education himself, but he could not hold a candle to her.
6. … he could increase the size of his own holding while land, owing to the war and the exchange, could still he bought for a song.
IV. Explain the idea and comment on the following sentences:
1. “They had lost their way, he and Willi, they had stopped a peasant working in a field and he had deliberately misled them …”
2. “After all, they were victors.”
3. She had a refinement that suggested the city-dweller rather than the peasant.
4. “Why can’t we be friends?”… “War is war…”
5. She began to talk, not bitterly, not blaming him even, but as though it were a misfortune of nature.
6. She looked at him intently and there was a strange gleam in her eyes. You would have said it was a look of triumph.
7. … but those three French people would not meet him half way.
8. The campaign had been the greatest spree he could ever have imagined.
V. Make a topical vocabulary list pertaining to the topics farming, appearance, and human character.
VI. Give a written translation of the following extract into Russian: ”It was true that old Perier had come round… it was all going to rack and ruin”.
VII. Do general tasks 2, 3, 4.
VIII. Get ready to answer the following questions. Be sure to write out the key words and word-combinations that would help you to answer the questions.
1. How did the conquerors treat the French and what was the attitude of French people towards the invaders?
2. Why did Hans propose to Annette? What feelings did the proposal excite in her? Why did she say she loved Pierre Gavin with all her heart and soul?
3. How did Hans try to win Annette’s parents over to his side? Was he a success?
4. Why did Annette remain hostile towards Hans?
5. What traits of Annette’s character are brought forth in the story?
IX. Translate the following sentences into English using the active vocabulary:
1. Как ты думаешь, почему Аннет так ожесточилась? - Я думаю, она не могла примириться с врагами. Она видела, что её страна погибает, и самодовольство и высокомерие немцев действовали ей на нервы. Её друга призвали в армию, и у неё не осталось никого, кто мог бы помочь ей или дать разумный совет в трудную минуту.
2. Миссис Грейндж затаила злобу на своего мужа за то, что он лишил её будущего. Он хладнокровно убил Джека, которого она безумно любила. Прошло уже много лет, но она не могла забыть ужасное происшествие. Каждый раз, когда она видела мужа, пальцы непроизвольно сжимались в кулак, и ненависть переполняла сердце.
3. Всё, что Эдди пытался сказать в своё оправдание, вызывало презрительный смех Арлин. Она могла поспорить на что угодно, что Эдди мог легко заработать любые деньги. Он просто не хотел сделать над собой усилие.
X. Pick out proverbs and sayings and comment on their meanings.
Gigolo and Gigolette
I. Learn the pronunciation of the following proper names: Consult a dictionary for the pronunciation of the following geographical names. Record their reading:
Riviera, Austria, Nice, Peru, Peruvian
II. Find the following words and word-combinations in the story, give their Russian equivalents and get ready to reproduce them in the situations from the book:
to catch sight of smth, to take the public fancy, to run through one’s money, to make one’s living (by smth), to have a word with smb, a free meal, to come by the title, to assume a deprecated air, to give a condescending laugh, to pay one’s respect to, to be the talk of the town, to come to smb’s rescue, a slump, to be vexed at smth, to keep one’s nerve, to strike while the iron is hot, the last straw, to be an eye-opener, to go to pot, to encourage smb, to put a bit for a rainy day, to be down and out
III. Paraphrase the following parts of the sentence bringing out their meanings
1. “Paco Espinel tells me it’s the biggest draw the Casino has ever had,” said Sandy.
2. Eva Barrette sailed in with the rest of her guests.
3. If it occurred to the colonel that this might be a nasty dig he admirable concealed it.
4. She saw the blank look on their faces, her tone changed a little.
5. They were out of a job for weeks at a time.
6. At last they found themselves in Nice reduced to such straits that Syd had to pawn his evening clothes.
7. Do you think jobs can be had for asking?
IV. Explain the idea and comment on the following sentences.
1. It was his duty to be civil to the rich and great.
2. I want to be in at the death. She’s bound to kill herself one of these nights and I don’t want to miss that if I can help it.
3. The staring did not seem to incommode the old lady.
4. There were not the people with whom it was necessary to be very polite.
5. “You know what it means”, he said. “The old life, Marathons and all”.
6. He knew that was the last straw.
V. Make a list of words used to describe Stella’s diving. Do you think the choice of the word shows the attitude of personages to Stella and her performance?
VI. Give a written translation of the following extract into Russian (p.84):”They have never regretted it … It had left with them a recollection of horror and misery.
VII. Do general tasks 2, 3, 4.
VIII. Get ready to answer the following questions. Be sure to write out the key words and word-combinations that would help you to answer the questions:
1. How does the author describe the people who frequented the Casino?
2. What was the attraction of the season at the Casino? Why?
3. Why were Eva Barret and the guests so interested in the odd pair at a small table under the balcony? Why do you think Angelo, the head waiter, assumed a deprecating air while speaking of the comic pair?
4. Describe Syd and Stella. What circumstances did they meet under and what hard times did they go through?
5. Why did Stella call the conversation with “the human cannon ball” an eye- opener” and Syd – “the last straw”?
6. What forced Stella to overcome her fears before the second show?
IX. Translate the following sentences into English using the active vocabulary:
1. Компания Евы Баррет, собравшаяся в казино, относилась к таким людям как Стела с презрением. И хотя многие из них промотали свои состояния, и никто не знал, как им удалось получить их титулы, они считали себя выше тех, кто вынужден был зарабатывать на жизнь своим трудом.
2. Уокер старался всегда приходить на помощь местным жителям, когда кто-то из торговцев пытался обмануть их. Он не старался нажиться за их счёт, поэтому так и не смог отложить денег на черный день.
3. Последней каплей, которая вывела из себя Стелу, был рассказ старой актрисы, пришедшей посмотреть на её выступление. Когда-то об этой актрисе говорили все, а сейчас никто не помнил о её поразительном трюке, а её смешной и жалкий вид вызывал снисходительную улыбку у праздных завсегдатаев казино. Не удивительно, что Стеле трудно было сдержать слёзы: она поняла, что ей уготовано такое же жалкое будущее.
X. Make a summary of the story and record it on tape.
Mackintosh
I. Consult a dictionary for the pronunciation of the following geographical names. Record their reading:
China; Chinese; Apia; Samoa;
II. Find the following words and word-combinations in the story, give their Russian equivalents and get ready to reproduce them in the situations from the book:
to cling to smth, to fly into a passion, the length and breadth of smth, to be appointed smb’s assistant, to take up one’s post, to act up to smth, to make a bargain, to sell smth to a profit, to exasperate smb, to discern smth, to despise smb for smth, red tape, to have tolerance for, to get even with smb, to lick smb into shape, to look upon smb as, to rule smb with a rod of ion, of one’s own accord, to accuse smb of arson, to foam at the mouth, to humiliate smb, to boast of smth, to score off smb, at the cost of one’s life, in the long run, to be outwitted, to be a laughing stock, to put one’s pride into one’s pocket, to resist the temptation of smth, an effort at smth, to pull oneself together, to be notorious, to split one’s sides with laughing, to have a natural gift for smth, to make a fuss about smth
III. Paraphrase the following parts of the sentence bringing out their meanings:
1. He had had numberless adventures, commonplace and sordid, with the women of the island and he described them with a pride in his own prowess which was an offence to Mackintosh’s fastidious ears.
2. He had a certain tolerance for the peculiarities of others, and he accepted Mackintosh as a queer fish.
3. Mackintosh’s exactness, his morality, his sobriety were all fruitful subjects.
4. He was close with the money.
5. But soon their hosts began to wear long faces.
6. They were humbled.
7. And then he felt as though something possessed him so that he acted under the compulsion of a foreign will.
8. He looked dreadfully pitiful as he lay on the great bed, a huge, bloated, old man; but so wan, so weak, it was heart-rending.
IV. Explain the idea and comment on the following sentences:
1. Walker, who had been for a quarter of a century administrator of Talua, one of the larger islands in the Samoa group, was a man known in person or by report through the length and breadth of the South Seas.
2. Walker little knew that there was nothing Mackintosh could stand less than chaff.
3. But his hatred was not blind.
4. He governed by bluff and his Irish humour.
5. But he was very jealous of his authority, if he ruled them with a rod of iron, standing no contradiction, he would not suffer any of the white men on the island to take advantage of them.
6. On the whole, perhaps, it might be admitted that rough justice was done.
7. Mackintosh saw that Walker’s motive was merely vanity.
8. He was not a man to resist the temptation of taunting the fallen foe, …
9. He wanted now to feed his hatred; and everything Walker said, every gesture, made him more detestable.
V. Make a topical vocabulary list pertaining to appearance and nature.
VI. Give a written translation of the following passage into Russian:” He began to write, working on a report …” “That’s what I want to say and that’s how I want to say it.”
VII. Do general tasks 2, 3, 4.
VIII. Get ready to answer the following questions. Be sure to write out the key words and word-combinations that would help you to answer the questions.
1. What was Walker? Why was Mackintosh so excited to meet him?
2. Why were Walker and Mackintosh not “made to get on”?
3. How did Walker rule the Island? Why was his power over the natives so great?
4. What was the cause of Mackintosh’s constant feeling of frustration and resentment? Do you think Walker saw through Mackintosh?
5. What events brought about the crime? Why didn’t Mackintosh prevent it?
6. Why do you think Mackintosh committed suicide instead of enjoying Walker’s death?
IX. Translate the following sentences into English using the active vocabulary:
1. На ежемесячной конференции врачей Пирсон не мог удержаться от соблазна, чтобы не выставить посмешищем хирургов, допустивших грубые ошибки при лечении своих пациентов.
2. М-р Грейндж оказался вспыльчивым человеком. Скелтон боялся, что его вопросы могут рассердить его.
3. Дж. Пирсон был известен своими грубыми манерами. Он руководил отделением деспотично и не терпел вмешательства со стороны других врачей.
4. Алин ужасно раздражали слова Эдди о том, что ему нужно «копить силы». Она обвиняла мужа в безразличии и не упускала случая унизить его, называя «спящим красавцем» и «чемпионом по долгому сну». Но Эдди любил Алин и, забыв о своей гордости, снова и снова принимался утешать жену, обещая ей золотые горы.
X. Read the dialogues on p. 97 and p. 106, analyze them and pick out sentences, characteristic of conversations.
Footprints in the Jungle
I. Write out about 20 vocabulary units, that you find interesting. Learn situations with them and record any 5 of the vocabulary units on tape.
II. Do general tasks 2, 3, 4.
III. Find examples of epithets, metonymy, metaphor, simile and other stylistic devices in the story and say how they contribute to the author’s efforts to get insight into his characters.
IV. Comment on the final lines of the story. Do you share the author’s opinion that “it’s not what people do that really matters, it’s what they are” (p. 151).
V. Make up a topical vocabulary list pertaining to appearance and human character.
VI. Write an essay on the short-story. Consult “Appendix” for the general rules of essay-writing. In your essay be sure to cover the following points:
1) the author and his literary credo
2) the plot
3) the main characters (appearance, background, likes and dislikes, temperament and disposition)
4) the main idea(s)
5) stylistic devices used by the author to reveal his idea
6) your opinion of the short-story and the author’s creative skills
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