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Present Simple and Present Continuous

We use the Present Simple Tense to talk about regular activities:

The maintenance department services the equipment.

But we use the Present Continuous Tense to talk about temporary activities:

The IT department is spending a lot of money on new equipment at the moment.

We use the Present Continuous Tense to talk about actions that are going on at the moment:

Someone is waiting for you in your office.

Ex.10. Read the advertisement. Find the verbs in Present Continuous Tense. Do you think this is an interesting job?

Ex.12. Find the proper verbs in the advertisement and write them.

1. Granada Film, part of the Granada Media Group, ________ and _________ a broad range of films for the UK and international markets.

2. Due to expansion we __________ a Finance Manager with film finance experience, good communication skills and the ability to work under pressure.

Ex.13. Read these notes and the paragraph that expands them.

Alan – an engineer - Mercedes Benz. Test – new designs – company’s cars. Today – make presentation – senior management – safety of new designs.

Alan is an engineer for Mercedes Benz. He tests new designs for the company’s cars. Today he is not testing cars. He is making a presentation to senior management about the safety of the new designs.

Expand the following notes with a similar paragraph.

Maria and Isabella – marketing officers – Sony. Design advertising campaigns. Today – meet – executives from Japan – discuss – company strategy.

Ex.14. A. Put the verbs in brackets into the appropriate form.

B. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.

1. Nearly all members at that company … (care) about its success. 2. If you need money, why … (you/not get) a job? 3. What time … (the banks/close) in Britain? 4. Rice … (not/grow) in Europe. 5. Norman comes from Hull but he … (study) economics in London now. 6. “What … (you/do)?” – “I am an electrical engineer.” 7. I … (not/know) anybody who … (enjoy) filling in Value Added Tax forms. 8. Ted Turner’s cable-TV company … (think) to buy ESPN, American’s largest cable channel. 9. These days the country’s economy … (recover) after a long recession. 10. The economic situation is already very bad and it … (get) worse.

Ex.15. a) Say that the person you are asked about does/is doing the same.

Example: I work for a Continental Equipment company. And Mary? – Mary also works for a Continental Equipment Company.

1. The director of the car factory goes to work by Rolls-Royce. And his deputy? 2. Tony’s two sisters work in a bank. And Tony? 3. Mrs. Milford teaches economics. And Miss Brown? 4. Jane is a Sales Manager at Philips Records. And Ann? 5. Mr. Wilson is on business in Hong Kong. And Mr. Kent? 6. I try to avoid working overtime. And Den? 7. Mr. Tompson is speaking on telephone at the moment. And Mr. Green? 8. We are economizing now. And they?

b) Say that the person you are asked about doesn’t do/isn’t doing the same.

Example: I work for a Continental Equipment company. And Mary? – Mary doesn’t work for a Continental Equipment Company.

1. I’m in business with Father. We operate a “fast-food” restaurant. And your brother? 2. This time you’re staying longer with us. And your daughter? 3. Mr. Palmer is expecting to see new catalogues. And Mr. White? 4. The Marketing Manager is generally an influential person in a company, which sells consumer goods. And the Personnel Manager? 5. Businessmen travel a lot. And teachers?

Ex.16. Write the “reply questions”.

Example: I’m George Temple. – Oh, are you really?

I work for McDonald’s. – Oh, do you really?

1. He’s the Deputy Sales Manager. 2. She works for BCJ Electrical Components. 3. My secretary comes in time as a rule. 4. We meet external auditors at 5 o’clock. 5. Agriculture is the backbone of Jamaica’s economy. 6. Mr. Bruce farms sheep and produces meat and wool. 7. The millionaire Mortimer Zuckerman is the existing President. 8. The US News and World Report ranks fourth in newsmagazine circulation. 9. Soyabeans represent approximately 99% of Uganda’s export.

Ex.17. Ask general and special questions to these statements.

Example: I work for SONY. – Do you work for SONY?

What company do you work for?

1. The working day of a bank clerk begins at 7 a.m. 2. The fiscal year of this company ends in June. 3. Mr. Baker is talking with newcomers. 4. Our boss is having a meeting with customers at the moment. 5. People who go on business prefer to travel by air. 6. It takes the accountant a fortnight to make up the company’s balance sheet.

Business Writing

ЯК ПИСАТИ ПОШТОВУ АДРЕСУ

Будь – який лист починається з адреси на конверті.

У лівій частині лицьового боку конверта зазначають адресу відправни­ка, а в правій ніжній - адресу одержувача.

Адресу одержувача наводять у такому порядку:

• спочатку зазначають власне ім'я (це може бути назва фірми, підпри­ємства). ім'я та прізвище адресата, його посаду; якщо лист адресований особисто президенту фірми, то краще вказати private, або personal, або confidential, що означає “приватно”, “конфіденційно”. Перед ініціалами бажано поставити одне із скорочень: Mr (містер), якщо це чоловік, і Mrs (місіс), якщо це жінка. Якщо вам невідоме навіть прізвище адресата і ви звертаєтеся до фірми взагалі, вам може допомогти ще одне скорочення: Messers (панове).

• з нового рядка - номер будинку, назву вулиці; при цьому допускаються такі скорочення:

Apartment – Apt. апартаменти, квартира = кв.

Avenue – Ave. авеню, проспект

Building – Bld. будинок = буд.

Mount – Mt. узвіз

Square – Sq. площа

Street – St. вулиця = вул.

• в наступному - назву міста, штату (для США), графства (для Вели­кобританії), поштовий округ;

• рядком нижче - назву країни.

Якщо лист надсилається до Лондона, то скорочено зазначають також поштовий район: Е.С. (East Central), N.W. (North West), W.C. (WestCentral) і т.д. Наприклад: London W.C.

Вказуючи назву штату США, використовують такі скорочення (в дужках подаємо телеграфні скорочення):

Haзви графств в Англії не скорочуються.

На конверті, вище від адреси одержувача, може зазначатися спосіб від­правлення, наприклад:

"REGISTERED" (рекомендований)

"EXPRESS DELIVERY" (з терміно­вою доставкою)

"ТО BE CALLED FOR" або "POST RESTANTE" (до запи­тання) тощо:

Якщо адреса особи, якій потрібно надіслати листа, точно не відома, то його адресують фірмі (підприємству), що підтримує стосунки з цією особою і може передати або надіслати їй листа. У такому разі перед назвою фірми (під­приємства) друкують “In care of” чи “Care of”, або скорочено "С/о", що пере­кладається як "на піклування", і вживається у значенні "на адресу":

Ex.18. Read and translate into Ukrainian.

There are three important requirements in addressing envelopes: accuracy, legibility and good appearance. Begin the first line about halfway down the envelope, leaving at least 3 cm of clear space for a postmark.

Use separate lines for the name of a company, post box or house number and street, town and county or city and state, postcode.

Such words as Confidential or Personal should be typed in the bottom or in the upper left-hand corner.

Ex.19. Address envelopes making use of the information given below:

a) London, 92 Oxford Road, WCIB 3JN, Service & Information Corporation.

b) 22 Samchuka St, Carpathian Import Corporation, Lviv.

c) England, Continental Supply Company, 210 Snow St, Birmigham.

d) USA, 651 Euclid Avenue, Sam Keller, Kentucky 40202, Lousville.