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1. Translate the sentences into Russian paying attention to the tense and voice distinctions of the gerunds.
1. He likes being invited to scientific conferences. 2. On returning home I found a message on my table. 3. He thinks of completing the experiment in time. 4. After having spoken with the advisor I cheered up. 5. He is afraid of getting bad marks that is why he is always busy in reading for his exams. 6. The machine needs repairing. 7. Everybody was surprised at seeing him here. 8. The students can improve their pronunciation by reading aloud. 9. He does not like being interrupted. 10. Excuse my having interrupted you. 11. It is impossible to discuss a picture without seeing or having seen it. 12. He succeeded in mastering his specialty. 13. Would you mind switching the light on? 14. Your having been late was unexpected. 15. His being late is a usual thing. 16. When will you finish reading this book? 17. We heard of his having been sent to the students’ conference. 18. I remember having seen this device at the laboratory. 19. We can calculate the perimeter of a circle by measuringits radius. 20. On being told the news, she showed no surprise. 21. Students master the subject matter not only by reading and learning, but also by proving theorems and solving problems.
2. Use gerund or infinitive in the following sentences.
1. He began (deliver) the lecture. 2. I couldn’t help (criticize) his point of view concerning the computer games. 3. I know that he intends (invite) me. 4. This book is worth (read). 5. He prefers (learn) the English words. 6. I don’t like (interfere). 7. I don’t like (interfere) with. 8. I feel like (show) you my latest publications. 9. I disliked (argue) with him. 10. I didn’t want (discuss) the problem. 11. He proposed (consult) the professor. 12. His proposal is worth (consider). 13. The student neglected (take) the dean’s advice. 14. It is no use (work) at this problem.
3. Use the necessary preposition.
1. I’ll look forward ______ seeing the results of calculations. 2. I thought ______ taking a trip after final examinations. 3. He is good _____ programming. 4. He succeeded _____ programming. 5. They insisted _____ my accepting the invitation to the conference. 6. He prevented her ___doing this work. 7. They accused me ____ being rude. 8. She was fond _____ reading English books in the original. 9. They were afraid____ being late. 10. I’m proud _____ having solved this problem. 11. I don’t know if he is capable _____ making decisions. 12. After half an hour he was tired _____ searching for information in the Internet. 13. We are sure___ his having passed the examination successfully. 14. Do you object ___ my taking part in the research? 15. I am busy ____ compiling the program. 15. She gave ___ thinking of that idea. 16. We rely ___ his coming in time. 17. We knew ___ his having done it. 18. It’s worth ____ discussing the phenomenon. 19. I was astonished ____ having heard the news. 20. I don’t approve ____your missing the classes.
TEXT 1
WHAT VIRUSES DO AND WHAT VIRUSES DON’T DO
Some viruses are programmed specifically to damage the data on your computer by corrupting programs, deleting files, or erasing your entire hard disk. Many of the currently known Macintosh viruses are not designed to do any damage. However, because of bugs (programming errors), an infected system may behave erratically. Computer viruses don’t infect files on write-protected disks and don’t infect documents, except in the case of Word macro viruses. They don’t infect compressed files either. However, applications within a compressed file can have been infected before they are compressed. Viruses also don’t infect computer hardware, such as monitors or computer chips; they only infect software. In addition, Macintosh viruses don’t infect DOS-based computer software. For example, the famous Michelangelo does not infect Macintosh applications. Again, exceptions to this rule are the Word and Excel macro viruses, which infect spreadsheets, document and templates, which can be opened by either Windows or Macintosh computers.
TASKS
1. Give Russian equivalents of the following words and transcribe them.
1. virus (n.)
2. specifically (adv.)
3. spreadsheet (n.)
4. template (n.)
2. Give Russian equivalents of the following word combinations.
1. to damage the data
2. to corrupt programs
3. to delete files
4. to erase hard disk
5. programming errors
6. an infected system
7. to infect files
8. write-protected disks
9. in the case of
10. compressed files
11. in addition
12. DOS-based computer software
13. the Word and Excel macro viruses
14. to infect spreadsheets, document and templates
3. Translate the text into Russian in a written form. Then translate it into English.
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