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GREAT PYRAMID

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During the 100 years after the first pyramid was completed, other pyramids were being built in the same way, with improvements every time. The climax of pyramid building came in about 2550 B.C., when the most colossal of all were erected at Giza, a few miles north of all were erected at Giza, a few miles north of Saqqara. The Great Pyramid, the tomb of Pharaoh Cheops, is 755 feet long on each of its four sides, and stood 479 feet high. (It has list about 33 feet in height, because its facing stones were robbed for later building material). The Pyramid of Khafre, still standing close by, is only a little smaller. The Great Pyramid is still one of the largest structures ever built and one of the Seven Wonders of the World.

 

THE PYRAMIDS AT GIZA

 

They remain the most colossal funeral monuments ever built. How they were built (they are solid and each weighs over 6.000.000 tons) is one of the gratest riddles of archaeology - and construction. A possible method of the techniques used is illustrated here.

 

 

LEVERS

 

A recent alternative to the ramp theory (opposite page) states that the pyramids were built with skilled teams of men using levers only.

 

 

TRANSPORT

 

The Egyptians had moved around 2.000.000 blocks of stone to build the Great Pyramid. They did so without the wheel, so each stone was dragged on sleds over rollers or planks.

 

STAGE ONE

 

First, the area on which the pyramid was to be built was laid out. The corner stones were placed precisely, then the mass of main blocks were laid out all over the base, and lastly, edge blocks were placed all the way around the outside.

 

STAGE TWO

 

The corner blocks of the next layer were levered up by teams of men. Others packed material underneath both the blocks and the levers until they were level with the top of the first course. Then they were pushed into place.

 

THE GREAT PYRAMID

 

This picture shows part of the Great Pyramid as it looked when it was completed. The pyramid was part of a complex of smaller tombs and temples that linked the pyramid to the bank of the Nile, which in those days flowed past the pyramids.

 

 

THE INTERIOR

 

During construction the builders were careful to incorporate tomb chambers and access passages. Before any building took place, the underground tombs were dug out of the bedrock, or solid rock, far below. Workers bashed a tunnel from the rock using hammers made from a hard stone called dolerite. The body of the pyramid contained a network of passageways and burial chambers.

 

 




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