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6. Define the forms and functions of the Infinitive in the following sentences and translate them:
a) Experiments on the improvement of radar equipment began to be made during World War II.
b) The first man to invent the radio was Popov, a Russian scientist.
c) To design, construct and operate a radar system is a great technical achievement.
d) Astronomers use radar to explore the universe.
e) To increase the range of modern radar scientists had to make numerous experiments.
f) Computers are the machines which are supplied with electrical pulses that represent the problem to be solved.
g) The scientist is sorry not to have found another solution to that problem.
h) We think this machine to have been operating for a long time until it was followed in 1977 by the desk calculator.
i) We know these operations to be done by a calculator.
j) Howard Aiken invented the device to be sequencing through the calculations without human intervention.
k) Any engineer knows the third-generation computers to be produced by using integrated circuits.
1) We know Aiken's device to have weighted 5 tons.
m) He explained the scheme for the second time for us to understand it better.
n) The air-speed indicator is used to measure the speed of a craft through the air.
o) The best way to understand the current is to see it acts in a circuit.
p) To make the signals represent information most digital computers use the binary code.
q) To prove this law experimentally is very difficult.
7. Change the following complex sentences given below according to the example and translate them:
a) Example: The process which will be described in this article is known as ionization.
The process to be described in this article is known as ionization.
1. The method which will be used is reliable.
2. The results which will be received will be published next month.
3. The data that are to be obtained will be of great interest.
4. The measurements that must be made should be accurate enough.
5. The experiments which will be demonstrated are closely related to our research.
6. The problem that must be solved is very difficult.
7. The work that must be done is of great importance.
8. The method that will be used was developed in our laboratory.
9. The equipment that is to be installed is very effective.
10.The instrument which will be used must make precise measurements.
b) Example: Yablochkov was the first who realized the advantages of the alternating current.
Yablochkov was the first to realize the advantages of the alternating current.
1. Franklin was the first who developed a new theory of electricity.
2. Lomonosov and Franklin were the first who made their experiment in the field of atmospheric electricity.
3. The engineer was the last who made report at the conference.
4. The famous scientist was the first who proved this theory.
5. Newton was one of the first who studied light.
6. Lodygin was the first who invented the electric lamp.
7. These metals were the first that were used in industry.
8. This scientist was the first who developed the new process.
9. These devices were the first that were tested in our laboratory.
10. Einstein was the first who provided a new conception of time, space and gravitation.
Lesson Two
I. Pre-text Exercises
1. Learn the meaning and pronunciation of the following words:
evacuate [i'vækjueit], cathode ['kæθoud], anode ['ænoud], repel [ri'pel],
bipolar [bai'poulə], bias ['baiəs], unimpeded ['Λnim'pi:did], superimpose [,sju:pərim'pouz], silicon ['silikən], germanium [dʒə:'meiniəm].
2. Read and remember the Plural of the following nouns:
nucleus ['nju:kliəs] — nuclei ['nju:kliai]
focus ['foukəs] — foci ['fousai]
apparatus [æpə'reitəs] — apparatuses [æpə'reitəsiz]
thesis ['θi:sis] — theses ['θi:si:z]
II. Read the following text carefully. While vou are reading look for the answer to the questions:
1. How many categories are components of electronic circuits classified into?
2. How can diode be produced?
3. Which transistors operate more efficiently - bipolar or field-effect ones?
Text В
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