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| 1. Перекладіть та вивчіть наступні словосполучення 1. постачати тілу кисень 2. доставляти кисень та виділяти вуглекислий газ 3. доля легені 4. простягатися від основи гортані до легень 5. тонкі альвеолярні протоки 6. носова та ротова порожнини 2. Дайте відповіді на наступні питання 1. What are the main parts of the respiratory system? 2. What process takes place in the lungs? 3. Why is the left lung smaller than the right one? 3. Поясніть наступні терміни у 5ти реченнях 1. Дихальні шляхи 2. Легеня |
Exercise 9. Make questions to the underlined words.
1.The heart beats continuously and rhythmically to send blood to the lungs and the rest of the body.
2.Much of the heart consists of myocardium.
3.The heart muscle is supplied with oxygen and nutrients by 2 coronary arteries.
4. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the entire body.
5. The left atrium of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins.
6.One-way valves at the exits from each chamber ensure that blood flows in only 1 direction.
7. As resistance to blood flow through the general circulation is much greater than resistance through the lungs, the left side of the heart must contract more forcibly than the right.
8. Tricuspid valve lies between the right atrium and the right ventricle.
9. Descending aorta is the body’s main artery, which supplies oxygenated blood to all other parts.
10. The aorta has a large diameter in order to cope with the high pressure and large volume of blood passing through it.
Exercise 10. Translate the words in brackets.
The human heart provides a (тривалий) blood circulation through the cardiac cycle and is one of the most vital organs in the human body. It is (розділений) four (камер): the two (верхні камери) are called the left and right (передсердя) and two (нижні камери) are called the right and left (шлуночки). Normally the right ventricle (качає) the same blood amount into the lungs with each bit that the left ventricle pumps out. Physicians commonly refer to the right atrium and right ventricle together as the right heart and to the left atrium and ventricle as the left heart.
The electric energy that stimulates the heart occurs in the (синусно-передсердний) node, which produces a definite potential and then (відправляє), sending an impulse across the atria. The Purkinje fibers transmit the electric charge to the myocardium while the (клітини) of the atrial walls (передають) it from cell to cell, making the atrial syncytium.
Grammar. Remember: There are some disyllabic adjectives which have variant forms with ER, EST or MORE, MOST, for example: quiet, simple, stable, noble, gentle, common, polite, pleasant, handsome.
Though both variants are considered correct, the following comparative and superlative forms seem to be more frequently used for these adjectives at present: quieter, quietest; simpler, simplest; gentler / more gentle, gentlest / most gentle; more stable, most stable; more noble, most noble; more common, most common; more polite, most polite; more pleasant, most pleasant; more handsome, most handsome.
Exercise 11. Put the Adjectives into the Comparative and Superlative Degree. Translate the word combinations.
| 1.common disease | ||
| 2.rare disease | ||
| 3.obscure disease | ||
| 4.mild inflammation | ||
| 5.severe disease | ||
| 6.painful inflammation | ||
| 7.significant discovery | ||
| 8. noble scientist | ||
| 9.strong muscle | ||
| 10tight muscle | ||
| 11.taut muscle | ||
| 12. stable condition | ||
| 13.deadly form |
Exercise 12. Open the brackets putting the adjectives into the proper degree of comparison and translate the sentences.
1.The Black Death, or The Black Plague, was one of (deadly) pandemics in human history.
2.The (deadly) form of smallpox, Variola major, has a mortality rate of 30–35%, while Variola minor causes (mild) form of disease called alastrim and kills ~1% of its victims.
3. Herpes zoster can lead (serious) complications, including encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) and permanent blindness, if the zoster rash occurs in the area of the eyes.
4. As resistance to blood flow through the general circulation is (great) than resistance through the lungs, the left side of the heart must contract more forcibly than the right, and has greater muscular bulk.
5. Each half consists of an upper chamber, called an atrium, and (larger) (low) chamber, called a ventricle.
6. The article briefly described ( common) diseases of the eye and its associated structures.
7.What is (mild) form of skin cancer?
8. Areas where nerves come close to the skin are (painful) for getting a tattoo.
W Підготовка до диференційованого заліку
І.Перекладіть та вивчіть наступні словосполучення:
1.м’язовий насос
2.заключений у мембранну оболонку
3.складатися з передсердь та шлуночків
4.велике коло кровообігу
5. скорочуватись безперервно та ритмічно
II. Дайте відповіді на наступні питання:
1. Where is the heart located?
2. What does each half of the heart consist of?
3. What do one-way valves at the exits from each chamber ensure?
III. Поясніть наступні терміни у 5-ти реченнях:
Heart
hat is the mildest form of skin cancer
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