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Касымжанова Г.Г. 2 страница

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1. 200 Ом

2. 4 кОм

3. 5кОм

4. 6кОм

 

128.

Если выходное сопротивление усилителя 1кОм, то при введении параллельной ООС по напряжению глубиной F=2 оно станет равно…

 

1. 1кОм

2. 500 Ом

3. 1.2кОм

4. 2кОм

 

129.

Если входное сопротивление усилителя 1.6кОм, то при введении параллельной ООС по току глубиной F=4 оно станет равно…

 

1. 6.4кОм

2. 2кОм

3. 1.2кОм

4. 400 Ом

 

130.

Если выходное сопротивление усилителя 1.2кОм, то при введении последовательно ООС по напряжению глубиной F=3 оно станет равно…

 

1. 400 Ом

2. 3.6кОм

3. 900 Ом

4. 1.5кОм

 

3 200 200 100

 

1. Cultivation of cells in artificial media in aseptic conditions:

a) in vitro

b) in vivo

c) callus

d) explant

e) in situ

 

2. Particular type of tissue, representative accumulation of undifferentiated cells:

a) callus

b) explant

c) regenerate

d) clon

e) locus

 

3. Reduction cells division:

a) meiosis

b) mitosis

c) kinesis

d) telophase

e) amitosis

 

4. Division of somatic cells:

a) mitosis

b) amitosis

c) meiosis

d) transcription

e) interphase

 

5. Interconnection of organs with each other:

a) correlation

b) competence

c) determinative

d) cryoprotection

e) sublimation

 

6. Property of a vegetative cell to realise the genetic information:

a) totipotency

b) differentiation

c) regeneration

d) complementarity

e) induction

 

7. Aseptic received plant with the developed roots and the runaways, generated in culture, that is in vitro:

a) regenerant

b) explant

c) intron

d) embryoid

e) metabolite

8. G.Gaberlandt formulate cells principles in:

a) 1902 y.

b) 1899 y.

c) 1914 y.

d) 1907 y.

e) 1900 y.

 

9. The hypothesis of totypotency has been put forward by:

a) G.Gaberlandt

b) K.Rehinger

c) V.Robbins

d) E.Davidson

e) F.White

 

10. Who was first from the scientists who begin to grow isolated parts and organs of plants?

a) K.Rehinger

b) G.Gaberlandt

c) Т.Murasige

d) F.Skug

e) F.White

 

11. Principles of cells’ cultivation clear formulated by:

a) G.Gaberlandt

b) V.Kotte

c) V.Robbinson

d) Т.Murasige

e) F.White

 

12. Nutrient medium, which was used by G.Gaberlandt in experiments:

a) Knop

b) White

c) Gamborg

d) Hogland

e) Sniders

 

13. R.Rehinger tried to grow buds, cuts of the roots on:

a) moistured sand

b) agar medium

c) liquid medium

d) different media

e) firm surface

 

14. Growing of isolated parts and organs of plants first began by:

a) German scientists

b) alchemists

c) Russian scientists

d) scientists from different countries

e) English scientists

 

15. R.Harrison has grew in lymphatic liquid:

a) frog’s neuroblast

b) callus tissue

c) potato’s cells

d) cell’s embryoid

e) frog’s lymphoblast

 

16. Achievements of which scientist related to cambial tissues of willow and carrot:

a) F.White

b) E.Davidson

c) V.Robbins

d) V.Kotte

e) G.Gaberlandt

 

17. Scientist, which has supported continuous long-term culture of roots’ tips for 30 years:

a) R.Gotre

b) V.Kotte

c) V.Robbins

d) Т.Murasige

e) D.Wotson

 

18. Scientist with collaborators, which have investigated growth of buds on pieces of tobacco steams:

a) F.Skug

b) V.Kotte

c) V.Robbins

d) Т.Murasige

e) D.Wotson

 

19. Substances, stimulating cellular division:

a) cytokinines

b) auxins

c) vitamins

d) macroelements

e) microelements

 

20. Widely used nutrient medium, which was created in 1962 y:

a) Murasige-Skug

b) White

c) Shenk-Hil’debrandt

d) Nich and Nich

e) Gamborg-Evelang

 

21. Growth stimulating substance:

a) kinetin

b) mesoinosit

c) vitamin

d) bichromate

e) carbogel

 

22. Culture, cultivated in liquid medium:

a) suspension

b) tumor

c) callus

d) clonal

e) somatic

 

23. Since which year begin to cultivate plants’ cells in Soviet Union?

a) 1944

b) 1930

c) 1980

d) 1934

e) 1994

 

24. Since which year begin to cultivate cells in Kazakhstan?

a) 1975

b) 1955

c) 1995

d) 2001

e) 1948

 

25. Who is founder of biotechnology in Kazakhstan?

a) M.Aithozhin

b) G.Ualihanov

c) S.Columbaev

d) А.Udel’skaya

e) Zh.Zhardemaliev

 

26. Tissue, cultivated in “in vitro” conditions:

a) callus

b) strain

c) suspension

d) explant

e) intron

 

27. Plant, received from cell culture:

a) regenerate

b) explant

c) totypotent

d) strain

e) sort

 

28. Basic components of nutrient medium vitamins of:

a) group В

b) group А

c) group D

d) nicotinic acid

e) folic acid

 

29. Components of nutrient medium, assisting in regulation of plants physiological processes:

a) phytohormones

b) carbohydrates

c) iron helate

d) pectin

e) gelatin

 

30. For normal growth and progress of plants it is necessary such level of pH:

a) 5-6

b) 4-5

c) 6-8

d) 2-4

e) 9-12

 

31. For preparation of firm nutrient media necessary:

a) agar

b) potassium

c) phytohormone

d) auxin

e) carbonate

 

32. Optimal temperature for cultivation of plants’ cells:

a) 25-32 оС

b) 38-40 оС

c) 15-25 оС

d) 5-10 оС

e) 45-65 оС

 

33. External factors, influencing on process of cells cultivation:

a) light

b) heat

c) cool

d) darkness

e) gas

 

34. Cell, deprived of cell wall:

a) protoplast

b) leucoplast

c) chromoplast

d) liposome

e) lysosome

 

35. Fragment of plant or piece of the tissue:

a) explant

b) callus

c) passage

d) suspension

e) protoplast

 

36. Cell’s specialization:

a) differentiation

b) redifferentiation

c) dedifferentiation

d) regeneration

e) transpiration

 

37. Transition of specialized cells to proliferation:

a) differentiation

b) differentiation

c) translation

d) regeneration

e) transpiration

 

38. Transition of transplantation of callus in nutrient medium:

a) passage

b) transformation

c) inoculum

d) proliferation

e) fermentation

 

39. Part of suspension culture, used for passaging on fresh nutrient medium:

a) inoculum

b) passage

c) proliferation

d) maceration

e) cristalization

 

40. Nutrient media for cultivation of cells and tissues of plants are media:

a) multicomponent

b) single-component

c) natural

d) two-component

e) organic

 

41. Source of carbohydrates in media are:

a) sucrose

b) ribose

c) deoxyribose

d) galactose

e) tetrose

 

42. New formation of cells and tissues by reproduction of legacy cells and tissues:

a) proliferation

b) differentiation

c) correlation

d) meiosis

e) degradation

 

43. Process of formation of callus called:

a) callus formation

b) histogenesis

c) rhyzogenesis

d) gemmogenesis

e) cytocinesis

 

44. Complex of processes, leading to distinction between maternal and filial cells, and also between filial cells:

a) differentiation

b) redifferentiation

c) dedifferentiation

d) regeneration

e) transpiration

45. Special type of tissue, formed on whole plant in result of its wound:

a) callus

b) meristem

c) apex

d) cambium

e) parenchyma

 

46. Aggregate of reactions connected to transcription and translation:

a) processing

b) biosynthesis

c) correlation

d) dissimilation

e) assimilation

 

47. Since which period begin interphase period:

a) G1

b) S

c) G2

d) G0

e) R1

 

48. Acquisition by cell conditions of readiness to realization of defined hereditary properties:

a) determination

b) complementarity

c) differentiation

d) proliferation

e) variability

 

49. Ability of cell to perceive inductive influence and to react specific on it by changing of development:

a) competence

b) callus formation

c) mytosis

d) meiosis

e) translation

 

50. The basic of structure of biological membranes are performed by:

a) bilayer of phospholipids

b) amino acids

c) triple layer of proteins

d) bilayer of carbohydrates

e) double helix of DNA

 

51. Which two periods make up life-cycle of cell?

a) interphase and mitotic

b) anaphase and telophase

c) interphase and anaphase

d) telophase and interphase

e) prophase and mitotic

 

52. At meiosis of cell first occurs:

a) division of nucleus

b) division of cytoplasm

c) formation of partition

d) division of ribosome

e) division of mitochondrion

 

53. The longest phase of mitosis is:

a) prophase

b) telophase

c) metaphase

d) anaphase

e) all phases take the same time

 

54. The shortest phase of mitosis is:

a) anaphase

b) telophase

c) metaphase

d) prophase

e) all phases take the same time

 

55. Which ions are necessary for existence of cells?

a) of sodium and potassium

b) of calcium and sodium

c) of magnesium and potassium

d) of magnesium and sodium

e) of calcium and magnesium

 

56. Living cells are systems:

a) open

b) closed

c) circled

d) isolated

e) half-opened

 

57. Amino acids in protein molecule connected between each other by which kind of connection:


a) peptide


b) hydrogen


c) ionic


d) covalent


e) disulphide

 

58. Indicate peptide bond:


a) -СОNH-


b) -COOH-


c) -NH2


d) -CH-


e) - CH2OH –

 

59. Basic structure units of protein are:


a) amino acids


b) fat acids and glycerine


c) glucose and fructose


d) dicarboxylic acids

e) nucleosides

 

60. Sedimentation of particles under power of gravity:


a) sedimentation


b) sensabilization


c) flocculation


d) coagulation

e) osmosis

 

61. 6-furfurilaminopurine:

a) cynetin


b) zeatine


c) auxin


d) glycine

e) pyroxene

 

62. Number of phases of growing of callus tissues:

a) 6


b) 4


c) 7


d) 2


e) 9

 

63. First phase of growing of callus cells:

a) latent


b) logarithmic


c) stationary


d) dead


e) linear

 

64. Third phase of growing of callus cells:

a) linear


b) logarithmic


c) stationary


d) dead


e) latent

 

65. Fifth phase of growing of callus cells:

a) stationary


b) logarithmic


c) linear


d) dead


e) latent

 

66. Exponential phase called another:

a) logarithmic


b) linear


c) stationary


d) dead


e) latent

 

67. Process of organs, tissues and cells formation:

a) morphogenesis

b) parthenogenesis

c) embryogenesis

d) rhyzogenesis

e) gemmogenesis

68. Increasing the number of genes in genome:

a) amplification

b) replification

c) differentiation

d) callus

e) mitosis

 

69. Part of DNA molecule:

a) gene

b) locus

c) chromosome

d) lysosome

e) protein

 

70. Gene collection:

a) gen

b) phenotype

c) chromosome

d) site

e) diploid

 

71. Formation tissue:

a) meristem

b) parenchyme

c) callus

d) root

e) bud

 

72. High ratio auxin/cytokinin causes:

a) rhyzogenesis

b) gemmogenesis

c) histogenesis

d) cytogenesis

e) callus genesis

 

73. Low ratio auxin/cytokinin conducive to:

a) gemmogenesis

b) rhyzogenesis

c) histogenesis

d) cytogenesis

e) callus genesis

 

74. Formative tissue, forming others:

a) meristem

b) embryoid

c) parenchyma

d) callus

e) proliferation

 

75. Formation of germ-like structures:

a) embryoidogenesis

b) rhyzophilogenesis

c) gemmogenesis

d) phylogenesis

e) ontogenesis

 

76. As a result of morphogenesis formed:

a) regenerant

b) callus

c) strain

d) explant

e) embryoid

 

77. Types of plants, took in space by Kazakhstan cosmonauts:

a) wheat

b) melon

c) potato

d) nightshade

e) carrot

 

78. With cells of which plant cosmonauts made experiments:

a) corn

b) oats

c) apricot

d) potato

e) tomato

 

79. First stage of clonal reproduction:

a) bringing of explants in culture

b) reproduction in fact

c) establishment of duplicated bines

d) planting of plants in soil

e) cells cultivation

 

80. Plant, receiving by asexual, i.e. vegetative reproduction:

a) clone

b) callus

c) regenerant

d) explant

e) animal unit

 

81. Asexual reproduction in culture of cells and tissues, at which arising plants genetically identical to initial sample:

a) clonal

b) amitotic

c) mitotic

d) meiotic

e) budding

 

82. Forth stage of clonal reproduction:

a) planting of plants in soil

b) introduction of explants in culture

c) rooting of duplicated bines

d) reproduction

e) cells cultivation

 

83. Form of variety of gene:

a) allele

b) albinism

c) beccross

d) locus

e) site

 

84. Spare buds:

a) adventive

b) haploid

c) diploid

d) procariotic

e) apex

 

85. Loosing of pigment by organism:

a) albinism

b) beccross

c) vector

d) colorblindness

e) destruction

 

86. Induction of haploids in culture of male and female gametophyte called:

a) androgenesis

b) gemmogenesis

c) rhyzogenesis

d) gynogenesis

e) organogenesis

 

87. Induction of haploids in culture of female gametophyte called:

a) gynogenesis

b) gemmogenesis

c) rhyzogenesis

d) androgenesis

e) organogenesis

 

88. False fertilization, at which embryo developed from unfertilized ovule:

a) pseudogamy

b) monogamy

c) polygami

d) androgenesis

e) gynogenesis

 

89. Formation of haploid plants from embryoids called:

a) direct androgenesis

b) indirect androgenesis

c) direct sporogenesis

d) indirect sporogenesis

e) gynogenesis

 

90. Apical part of stem or root:

a) apex

b) allele

c) meristem

d) cambium

e) parenchyma

 

91. Reproduction of organisms, without gamic process:

a) apomixic

b) apex

c) amplification

d) regeneration

e) proliferation

 

92. Observance of conditions of full sterility:

a) aseptic

b) degradation

c) degassion

d) beccross

e) genesis

 

93. Hormones of indol group:

a) auxin

b) intron

c) amylase

d) gibberellin

e) pyridoxine

 

94. Recurring heterosis:

a) beccross

b) mutation

c) genome

d) mutagenesis

e) cloning

 

95. Device in biotechnological manufacture on growing of cells:

a) bioreactor

b) laminar

c) autoclave

d) distillator

e) septic tank

 

96. Glassiness:

a) vitrification

b) ammonification

c) nitrification

d) homogenization

e) fermentation

 

97. Branch of science and manufacture of economic important substance and products:

a) biotechnology

b) genetic engineering

c) nanotechnology

d) cellular selection

e) agrotechnology

 

98. Changing of substance in another type by biological way:

a) biotransformation

b) bioremediation

c) bioengineering

d) biodestruction

e) cryoconservation

 

99. Part of callus tissue planting on fresh firm nutrient medium:

a) passage

b) inoculum

c) regenerant

d) explant

e) cybrid

 

 

100. Structures, which join to itself one or another genes and transformed them in another cells:

a) vectors

b) haploids

c) diploids

d) strains

e) chromosomes

 

101. Unit of heredity:

a) gene

b) genotype

c) genome

d) phenotype

e) site

 

102. Genes, located outside nuclear, in mitochondrion and plastids:

a) cytoplasmic

b) amplification

c) genesis

d) proliferative

e) apical

 

103. Appearance of genotype:

a) genesis

b) diploid

c) mitosis

d) replication

e) mutation

 

104. One of cells, growing from pollen, participating in process of fertilisation:

a) generative

b) vegetative

c) expressive

d) repressive

e) protoplast

 

105. Field of molecular and cellular genetics:

a) genetic engineering

b) biotechnology

c) general genetics

d) bionics

e) biotransformation

 

106. Inhibition of activity of genes:

a) genes repression

b) genes expression

c) genomics

d) genesis

e) agenesis

 

107. Transformation of information in chains of nucleoids in DNA molecule:

a) genes expression

b) genes repression

c) genes translation

d) generation

e) genes transduction

108. Set of chromosomes of particular kind:

a) genome

b) genotype

c) gene pool

d) genetics

e) gender

 

109. Group of heredity genes:

a) genotype

b) phenotype

c) genome

d) genesis

e) producer

 

110. Cell of hybrids, having genetic difference:

a) heterokaryon

b) homocaryon

c) gibberellin

d) diploid

e) haploid

 

111. Hybrid, without genetic difference of cell:

a) homocaryon

b) heterokaryon

c) gibberellin

d) correlation

e) determination

 

112. Accumulation of chromosomes in female gametophyte in conditions in vitro:

a) gynogenesis

b) histogenesis

c) cytogenesis

d) heterosis

e) genome

 

113. Formation of tissue:

a) histogenesis

b) cytogenesis

c) organogenesis

d) androgenesis

e) gametogenesis

 

114. Preparation of cell to defined path of development of organism:

a) determination

b) dedifferentiation

c) differentiation

d) diploidization

e) translation

 

115. Difference between cells and tissues of plants connected with its functional specialization:

a) differentiation

b) dedifferentiation

c) diploidization

d) determination

e) amplification

 

116. Method of identification of enzymes’ sensitivity:

a) immunoenzyme

b) immobile

c) induction

d) isogenic

e) histochemical

 

117. Radioimmunochemical and immune-enzyme methods related to:

a) express-method

b) classic method

c) repress-method

d) sensor-method

e) relax-method

 

118. In the capacity of appraisal of callus cultures in last time applies:

a) express-method

b) classic method

c) repress-method

d) sensor-method

e) relax-method

 

119. To the types of express-methods of appraisal of callus cultures are related:

a) radioimmunechemical and immune-enzyme methods

b) immune-enzyme and relax

c) radioimmunechemical and transmission

d) immune-enzyme and X-ray phase

e) chromatographic and X-ray phase

 

120. Creation of immobility of cells:

a) immobilization

b) relaxation

c) sensoric

d) amplification

e) inhibition

 

121. Keeping of cells in liquid nitrogen at temperature -196 оС:

a) cryoconservation

b) cryoscopy

c) passivation

d) amplification

e) inhibition

 

122. Cover tissue of cereal croup:

a) integument

b) inoculum

c) passage

d) immobile

e) isogen

 

123. Cells, growing in test tube:

a) in vitro

b) in vivo

c) express

d) suspension

e) intron

 

124. Cells cultivated in organism:

a) in vivo

b) in vitro

c) express

d) suspension

e) intron

 

125. Cultivation of cells in liquid medium and in device in conditions in vitro:

a) suspension

b) agarization

c) callus

d) biotranslation

e) bioelectrochemistry

 

126. Cultivation of biomass with influence of photoelement:

a) turbidostat

b) chemostat

c) flow-open

d) flow-closed

e) flow- stagnant

 

127. Cultivation of cells with strict concentration of growth-retarding:

a) chemostat

b) turbidostat

c) flow-open

d) flow-closed

e) deep

 

128. Passage of cells in ware with nutrient medium:

a) passage

b) intron

c) exon

d) induction

e) inoculum

 

129. Accumulation of cells in nutrient medium:

a) population

b) generation

c) passage

d) suspension

e) cycle

 

130. Method of construction of cells of new type on the basis of their cultivation, hybridization and reconstruction:

a) engineering

b) generation

c) segregation

d) recombination

e) retranslation

 

131. Substances which are don’t necessary for cells:

a) secondary metabolites

b) primary metabolites

c) cell’s population

d) suspension

e) inhibitors

 

132. Location of gene in particular place:

a) locus

b) line

c) clone

d) codon

e) triplet

 

133. Destruction and dissolving of intercellular substance:

a) maceration

b) locating

c) processing

d) correlation

e) splicing

 

134. Development of organism or form’s growth:

a) morphogenesis

b) mutation

c) rhyzogenesis

d) mutagenesis

e) meiosis

 

135. Appearance of mutations under factors influence:

a) mutagenesis

b) gystogenesis

c) onthogenesis

d) phylogenesis

e) translation

136. Physical and chemical agents: ionized ray, light, temperature:

a) mutagens

b) antigens

c) promoters

d) producers

e) sensors

 

137. Genes – swelling’s stimulants:

a) oncogene

b) nucellus

c) promoter

d) translator

e) locus

 

138. Increasing the number of chromosomes from haploid in 3-4 times:

a) polyploid

b) plasmid

c) diploid

d) aneuploid

e) genome

 

139. Cells, without nucleus:

a) procaryotes

b) eucaryotes

c) diploids

d) ptoplasts

e) haploids

 

140. Cells without cellular wall in the result of enzyme action or mechanical influence:

a) protoplast

b) procaryote

c) eucaryote

d) oncoplast

e) stem

 

141. False fertilization:

a) pseudogamy

b) plasmid

c) pathotoxin

d) megaspory

e) liposomy

 

142. Enzyme, splited DNA molecule:

a) restrictase

b) macerosm

c) lypase

d) amilase

e) synthetase

 

143. Site of nucleic acid or protein:

a) site

b) locus

c) line

d) genome

e) idiotype

 

144. Destruction of chromosomes in hybrid, appearance of new genotypes:

a) segregation

b) site

c) recombination

d) reverse

e) correlation

 

145. Synthesis of RNA:

a) transcription

b) splicing

c) metabolism

d) recombination

e) replication

 

146. Synthesis of protein in rybosome:

a) translation

b) correlation

c) transcription

d) splicing

e) induction

 

147. Part of thickened maternal bag in plant’s flower:

a) ovary

b) ring

c) stigma

d) style

e) apical point

 

148. Place, where ripen mother cells:

a) embryo sac

b) seeds’ buds

c) apical point

d) catalyst

e) functional center

 

149. Introduction in culture of foreign genetic information:

a) transformation

b) transploid

c) transcription

d) translation

e) deduction

 

150. Triple content of nucleus’ chromosomes:

a) triploid

b) tetraploid

c) haploid

d) diploid

e) pentaploid

 

151. New formation of cells and tissues by reproduction of legacy cells and tissues:

a) proliferation

b) differentiation

c) correlation

d) meiosis

e) degradation

 

152. Process of formation of callus called:

a) callus formation

b) histogenesis

c) rhyzogenesis

d) gemmogenesis

e) cytocinesis




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