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1 The company has 1200..... 2 She asked her ….. for a pay rise. 3 The steel works used to be the largest ….. in the town. 4 She is an ….. of this company. 5 My ….. is United Chemical. 6 All the company's ….. are encouraged to take part in training courses. 7 Philips is an equal opportunities ….. 8 I'll have a word with my ….. about leaving early this afternoon. 9 We cannot afford to lose skilled …..10 There
are plenty of seasonal..... in the tourists industry.
| GRAMMAR: Past Perfect Simple (2) | had + V3 (Ved) |
We use the Past Perfect Simple:
*to talk about an action or event in the past that happened before another action in the past. The second action in the past is in the Past Simple:
He had abandoned his business by the time I arrived in this city.
*to talk about an action or event in the past that happened before a definite time in the past:
I had never been to London until this year.
*to give a reason for a past event or action: He didn't come because he had missed the train.
1 Make sentences from the chart:
| A | В | C | D |
| 1. I couldn't answer the questions 2. I was hungry 3. My mother was worried 4. I was late 5. I was pleased 6. I was nervous during the flight 7. My father was furious 8. I was tired | because I | had hadn't | crashed his car. passed my driving test. got stuck in a traffic jam. flown in a plane before. slept badly. revised for the exam. been in touch for a long time. eaten all day. |
2 Put numbers in the brackets to show the order in which each action happened:
1. I went to bed () after I'd had a bath () and brushed my teeth ().
2. When I arrived at John's house (), he had made a cake () and done the washing-up ().
3. When I arrived at John's house (), he made us a cup of tea ().
4. My stomach-ache disappeared () after I'd taken some medicine ().
5. When we got to the theatre (), the play had started () and all the seats had been taken ().
6. Paul had supper (), then went to sit in his living room (). He felt miserable (). It had been an awful day()
7. Paul sat in his armchair () and thought about the day (). He had got up late (), and then in the evening, his girlfriend had left him (). He decided it was time for bed ().
3 Put the verbs in brackets one in the Past Simple and one in the Past Perfect:
1 He _________ (die) after he _________ (be) ill for a long time.
2 They _________ (thank) her for everything she _________ (do).
3 When I got to the office, I _________ (realize) that I _________ (forget) to lock the front door.
4 When they _________ (finish) their work, they _________ (go) home.
5 I _________ (call) you at 8.00, but you _______just _______ (go) out.
6 I took my family to Paris last year. I _______ (be) there as a student, so I _______ (know) my way around.
7 When І _________ (listen) to the news, I _________ (go) to bed.
4 Open the brackets using Past Perfect or Past Simple:
1. On my way to college I (realize) that I (leave) my report at home. 2. All my friends (be) glad to hear that I (pass) all the exams successfully. 3. By the time we (come) to see him, he (return) home. 4. During the holidays my friend (visit) the village where he (live) in his childhood. 5. When they (enter) the hall, the performance already (begin). 6. Where you (work) before you (enter) the institute? 7. She (think) that Gerry and Lisa (quarrel). 8. Suddenly he (remember) that he (not ring) her up in the morning. 9. By the time the train (reach) the city, he (make) friends with many passengers. 10. He (study) Spanish before he (enter) the university.
5 Translate into English using the Past Perfect Tense:
1. Представник фірми вже підписав контракт, коли вони припинили постачання сировини. 2. Ми вже відправили звіт компанії, коли вона помітила деякі помилки. 3. Персонал компанії вже обрав нового президента, коли він зателефонував. 4. До того як ми з'єднали наші компанії, цей бізнес був збитковим. 5. До кінця минулого року вони вже створили декілька спільних підприємств. 6. До кінця вересня ціни зросли вдвічі. 7. Він запізнився на конференцію, тому що не встиг на перший автобус. 8. Вона вже завершила підготовку до щорічного звіту, коли менеджер викликав її у свій офіс. 9. Ми вже розпочали роботу над нашим спільним проектом, коли він залишив компанію. 10. Його бізнес став дуже прибутковим після того, як він запросив нового консультанта.
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