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THE CHEBOKSARY FORTRESS, THE HOLY TRINITY MONASTARY

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  5. SPORTS IN CHEBOKSARY
  6. THEATRES IN CHEBOKSARY

After joining up the Russian State (1551), new fortresses were built on the new boarders of Russia: in Tsivilsk, Yadrin, Alatyr, and the first one - in Cheboksary.

When the Chuvash lands joined Russia, the Kremlin was built there in 1552. The choice of the place for a fortress Ivan the Fourth entrusted to the archbishop of Kazan and Sviyazhsk, Guriy. In 1555 he came to the new place, where the God permitted to be the town of Cheboksary. The archbishop made a public prayer and sprinkled the place of future walls and the first Orthodox Cathedral with holy water. He also consecrated the future town with the icon of the Virgin of Vladimir. After that public prayer on July 26 the building of the Kremlin started.

The Kremlin took a large territory: its western wall went around the Presentation Cathedral; the ditch with water was digged out on the territory from the Volga to the Cheboksarka River, where the bay is located today. The height of the walls was about 5meters. The common length of the walls was equal to 504 sazhens, or more than 1kilometre. The walls were double, and the area between them, equal to 4meters, was filled up with earth and stones. According to the description of 1613, there were guns on the gates and towers. There was a legend that near the Secret Corner Tower the underground way to the Volga was burrowed through. Now the investigation jail is located in that place. In 1625 458 people lived in the fortress, among them 43 boyards, 4 interpreters, 1 clock-master, 45 foreigners and other people.

10 years later the foundation of the fortress, the Holy Trinity Monastery was founded by the order of Ivan the Terrible. So, in 1565-1566 the walls of the monastery became the continuation of the fortress. That is why the monastery originally had both religious and protecting meaning.

At first, the building of the monastery was made of wood, and only at the end of the 17th century of stone. In 1600 there was built a stone Holy Trinity Church. Now it is called the Holy Trinity Cathedral. In 1800 two more churches appeared on the territory of the monastery: the Church of the Virgin of Tolgsk and Saint Fyodor Stratilat’s Church. The ensemble of the monastery developed in the course of the 17th – 20th centuries.

In 1924 the monastery was closed. Its conscious destruction began. Four years later from the bricks of its northern wall the Peasant’s House Hotel was constructed. Nowadays in this building there is a spiritual school which opened in 1995. The building was constructed in the style of constructivism under the project of the architect Aleksandrov. The monastery was supposed to be completely destroyed, but these plans were not implemented. Nowadays it occupies rather a big territory on the bank of the Volga River. It is one of the oldest constructions in the city.

In the two-storied stone building with a superstructure there are brotherly cells. The building was constructed in the 19th century, but the superstructure appeared absolutely recently, in 2000. At the northern gate there is a restored Nicholas the Miracle-Worker’s Chapel. It was constructed in the 18th century.

 




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