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TABLE 1

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TIME FORM EXAMPLE TRANSLATION
PRESENT CAN/BE (AM, IS, ARE) ABLE TO
1. " Can" is more usual and less formal than "be able to". 1. I can (am able to) run fast. 1. Я можу швидко бігати.
2. We use " can " with the verbs see, hear, smell, taste, feel, remember, understand for single actions. 2. I can smell something burning. 2. Я відчуваю, що щось горить.
PAST COULD / WAS, WERE ABLE TO / MANAGED TO V / SUCCEEDED IN VING
1. We use " could " to say that someone had the general ability to do something. 1. My son could read when he was four. 1. Мій син міг читати, коли йому було чотири роки.
2. We use "was able to" i f we mean that someone succeeded in doing something in one particular situation. 2. It took us a long time but we were able to find his house.   2. Це забрало у нас багато часу, але ми змогли знайти його дім.
3. We use managed to V or succeeded in Ving to express the action carried out in the past. 3.We managed to find the office. 3. Ми змогли (нам вдалося) знайти їхній офіс.
4. We use couldn't, failed, didn't manage to V or didn'tsucceed in Ving to show that the action wasn't realized in the past. 4. He failed to reach the top of the mountain. 4. Йому не вдалося досягти вершини гори.  
FUTURE CAN / WILL BE ABLE TO  
1. We use " can " to express future if we are decidingnow what to do in the future. 1. I can see you tomorrow for half an hour. 1. Я можу зустрітися з вами завтра на півгодини.
2. In other cases we use " will be able to ". 2. One day we will be able to live without wars. 2. Колись ми зможемо жити без війн.

 

REMEMBER Can is the Present Simple and could is the Past Simple. Can borrows the rest of its tenses from be able to. Eg. I've been looking for my cup but I haven't been able to find it. Since the car accident he hasn't been able to walk properly.

EXERCISE 3. READ THE TEXT AND PROCEED TO THE TASKS.

My broken arm

Have you ever broken your arm? I broke mine while I was playing football. It was amazing what I could do with only one arm. I could clean my teeth, but I couldn't put toothpaste on my toothbrush. Someone had to help me.

A) SAY WHICH OF THESE THINGS YOU COULD OR COULDN'T DO.

EXAMPLE: I couldn't play the guitar.

 

eat with a spoon eat a sandwich

play the guitar write a letter

open a tin wash my hands

put my socks on read a comic

eat with a knife and fork swim

run ride a bike

have a bath do my buttons up

 

B) CAN YOU ADD MORE THINGS TO THE LIST?

EXERCISE 4. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING CAN OR (BE) ABLE TO.

1. Ask you father about your problem. He ……… help you. 2. I can't see her now but I ……… meet her on Thursday. 3. I ……… run 100 meters just per twelve seconds. 4. I can't understand George. I've never ……… understand him. 5. Sandra ……… drive but she hasn't got a car. 6. I haven't ……… sleep very well recently. 7. George has traveled a lot. He ……… speak four foreign languages. 8. ……… make people laugh, you need to have a special talent. 9. I ……… pick it up tonight, if it's convenient. 10. I think I ……… speak English quite well in a few months. 11. George ……… see you at twelve next week. 12. She ……… walk again in a few weeks. 13. Do you think one day people ……… travel to the distant planets? 14. This month's no good, but I ……… do it in July.


EXERCISE 5. FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH AN APPROPRIATE VERB TO EXPRESS ABILITY.

1. Through the window I ……… hear a man singing. 2. She had hurt her leg and ……… walk very well. 3. My grandmother loved music. She ……… play the piano very well. 4. I ……… smell something burning. 5. Sue wasn't at home when I phoned her but I ……… contact her at the office. 6. He opened his eyes but to his horror he ……… see nothing. 7. She ……… already walk when she was nine months old. 8. I didn't like the coffee. I ……… taste sugar in it. 9. I looked everywhere for the book but I ……… find it. 10. He did his best, but he ……… repair his car. 11. A girl fell into the river but fortunately we ……… rescue her. 12. At last I ……… make her understand what I wanted.

EXERCISE 6. FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH COULD, MANAGED TO OR (BE) ABLE TO.

 

a) What's forty-eight divided by eight? I ……… never ……… to do sums in my head.

b) A girl was drowning, but I jumped in and I ……… save her. I ……… swim since I was six.

c) The view was breathtaking. You ……… see right across the valley to the hills in the distance.

d) Ann's operation was very successful. The doctors say she ……… walk again in few weeks.

e) I'm learning Russian because I want ……… talk to people when I go there next year.

 




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TABLE 4 | TABLE 5 | TABLE 6 | TABLE 7 | TABLE 8 | TABLE 9 | ABILITY, POSSIBILITY, LOGICAL ASSUMPTION | ADVICE. CRITICISM | OBLIGATION. NECESSITY. ABSENCE OF NECESSITY. PROHIBITION | REVISION |


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