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Part IV. Lexical Expressive Means and Stylistic Devices

GALPERIN

STYLISTICS

SECOND EDITION, REVISED

Допущено

Министерством высшего и среднего

специального образования СССР

в качестве учебника

для студентов институтов и факультетов

иностранных языков

MOSCOW "HIGHER SCHOOL" 1977

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Предисловие к первому изданию……………………………………………………..6

Предисловие к второму изданию……………………………………………………..7

Part I. Introduction

1. General Notes on Style and Stylistics…………………………………………9
2. Expressive Means (EM) and Stylistic Devices (SD)………………………...25
3. General Notes on Functional Styles of Language……………………………32
4. Varieties of Language………………………………………………………..35
5. A Brief Outline of the Development of the English Literary Standard Language……………………………………………………………………..41
6. Meaning from a Stylistic Point of View…………………………..…………57

Part II. Stylistic Classification of the English Vocabulary

1. General Considerations………………………………………………………70
2. Neutral, Common Literary and Common Colloquial Vocabulary…………..72
3. Special Literary Vocabulary…………………………………………………76

a) Terms……………………………………………………………………..76

b) Poetic and Highly Literary Words………………………………………..79

c)Archaic, Obsolescent and Obsolete Words………………………………83

d) Barbarisms and Foreignisms……………………………………………..87

e)Literary Coinages (Including Nonce-Words)…………………………….92

1. Special Colloquial Vocabulary……………………………………………..104

a) Slang…………………………………………………………………….104

b) Jargonisms………………………………………………………………109

c)Professionalisms………………………………………………………...113

d) Dialectal Words…………………………………………………………116

e)Vulgar Words or Vulgarisms……………………………………………118

f) Colloquial Coinages (Words and Meanings)……………………………119

Part III. Phonetic Expressive Means and Stylistic Devices

General Notes………………………………………………………………………...123

Onomatopoeia………………………………………………………………………..124

Alliteration…………………………………………………………………………...126

Rhyme………………………………………………………………………………...128

Rhythm……………………………………………………………………………….129

Part IV. Lexical Expressive Means and Stylistic Devices

1. Intentional Mixing of the Stylistic Aspect of Words ……………………136
2. Interaction of Different Types of Lexical Meaning ……………………..138

1. Interaction of Primary Dictionary and Contextually Imposed Meanings ………………………………………………………………..139

Metaphor………………………………………………………………...139

Metonymy……………………………………………………………….144

Irony……………………………………………………………………..146

2. Interaction of Primary and Derivative Logical Meanings …………..148

Stylistic Devices Based on Polysemantic Effect, Zeugma and Pun…….148

3. Interaction of Logical and Emotive Meanings ……………………….153

Interjections and Exclamatory Words…………………………………..154

The Epithet………………………………………………………………157

Oxymoron……………………………………………………………….162

4. Interaction of Logical and Nominal Meanings ………………………164

Antonomasia…………………………………………………………….164

1. Intensification of a Certain Feature of a Thing or Phenomenon ……….166

Simple……………………………………………………………………….167

Periphrasis…………………………………………………………………..169

Euphemism…………………………………………….……………………173

Hyperbole…………………………………………………………………...176

1. Peculiar Use of Set Expressions …………………………………………..177

The Cliché…………………………………………………………………..177

Proverbs and Sayings……………………………………………………….181

Epigrams…………………………………………………………………….184

Quotations…………………………………………………………………..186

Allusions……………………………………………………….……………187

Decomposition of Set Phrases………………………………………………189