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127.1 Complete the sentences using by + one of the following:
chance chance cheque hand,mistake satellite
1. We hadn't arranged to meet. We met _by chance._
2. I didn't intend to take your umbrella. I took it ---.
3. I didn't put the pullover in the washing machine. I washed it ---.
4, If you haven't got any cash, you can pay ---.
5. The two cities were connected --- for a television programme.
6. I never suspected anything. It was only --- that I found out what had happened.
127.2 Put in by, in or on.
1. Liz usually goes to work _by_ bus.
2. I saw Jane this morning. She was --- the bus.
3. How did you get here? Did you come --- train?
4. How did you get here? Did you come --- the train?
5. I decided not to go --- car. I went --- my bike instead.
6. I didn't feel like walking home, so I came home --- a taxi.
7. Sorry we're late. We missed the bus, so we had to come --- foot.
8. How long does it take to cross the Atlantic --- sea?
127.3 Write three sentences like the examples. Write about a book, a song, a painting, a film etc.
1. _'War and Peace' is a book by Tolstoy._
2. _'Romeo and Juliet' is a play by Shakespeare._
3. ---.
4. ---.
5. ---.
127.4 Put in the correct preposition: by, in, on or with.
1. Who is that man standing --- the window?
2. I managed to put the fire out --- a fire extinguisher.
3. The plane was badly damaged --- lightning.
4. These photographs were taken --- a friend of mine.
5. These photographs were taken --- a very good camera.
6. I don't mind going --- car but I don't want to go your car.
7. Shall we get a taxi or shall we go --- foot?
8. What's that music? I know it's --- Beethoven but I can't remember what it's called.
9. There was a small table --- the bed a lamp and a clock it.
10. Our team lost the game only because of a mistake --- one of our players.
127.5 Complete the sentences using by.
1. Clare's salary was 1,000 pounds a month. Now it is 1,100 pounds.
Her salary _has increased by 100 pounds a month._
2. My daily newspaper used to cost 50 pence. From today it costs 60 pence.
The price has gone up ---.
3. There was an election. Helen got 25 votes and Norman got 23.
Helen won ---.
4. I went to Kate's house to see her but she had gone out five minutes before I arrived.
I missed ---.
UNIT 128 Noun + preposition (reason for, cause of etc.)
A. Noun + for...
cheque FOR (a sum of money):
* They sent me a cheque for 75 pounds.
demand FOR/a need FOR...:
* The firm closed down because there wasn't enough demand for its product.
* There's no excuse for behaviour like that. There's no need for it.
reason FOR...:
* The train was late but nobody knew the reason for the delay. (not 'reason of)
B. Noun+ of...
an advantage/a disadvantage OF...:
* The advantage of living alone is that you can do what you like.
but we usually say: 'there is an advantage in (or to) doing something':
* There are many advantages in (or to) living alone.
a cause OF...:
* Nobody knows what the cause of the explosion was.
a photograph/a picture/a map/a plan/a drawing (etc.) OF...:
* She showed me some photographs of her family.
* I had a map of the town, so I was able to find my way around.
C. Noun + in...
an increase/a decrease/a rise/a fall IN (prices etc.):
* There has been an increase in the number of road accidents recently.
* Last year was a bad year for the company. There was a big fall in sales.
D. Noun+ to...
damage TO...:
* The accident was my fault, so I had to pay for the damage to the other car.
an invitation TO... (a party/a wedding etc.):
* Did you get an invitation to the party?
a solution TO (a problem)/a key TO (a door)/an answer TO (a question)/a reply TO (a letter)/a reaction TO...
* Do you think we'll find a solution to the problem? (not 'a solution of the problem')
* I was surprised at her reaction to my suggestion.
an attitude TO... (or TOWARDS...):
* His attitude to his Job is very negative. or His attitude towards his Job.
E. Noun + with.../between...
a relationship/a connection/contact WITH...:
* Do you have a good relationship with your parents?
* The police want to question a man in connection with the robbery.
but: a relationship/a connection/contact/a difference BETWEEN two things or people:
* The police believe that there is no connection between the two crimes.
* There are some differences between British and American English.
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