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The incredible 2005 year is marked as wild and tragic. Extremes were everywhere.
Pakistan suffered most from natural disasters in 2005, as it has gone through the greatest flood, railway catastrophe and an earthquake one after another during the year.
The greatest flood for 40 years happened in Pakistan (in February). In the South-western Belujistan Province 1000-2000 people died because of mudflows, landslides and break of the dam. More than 200 villages got inundated on the benches (мор.) банка, (берег), (геол.) терраса, уступ) of the rivers Ind, Cabul, Svat in June – the beginning of July. According to different estimates, about 500-1000 people died.
The most disastrous railway catastrophe in Pakistan was in July, 13 when three trains collide near Ghotki as the Karachi Express driver misread a signal and rammed the Quetta Express. Derailed carriages were then hit by a third train. At least 128 were killed and 170 injured.
The earthquake with 7.6 magnitude on the Richter scale in Pakistan (October 8) is recognized the most powerful during the whole period of seismic observations in the Southern Asia. A 7.6 earthquake centered in the Pakistani-controlled part of Kashmir region killed more than 80,000 and injured 65,000. About half of the region’s capital city, Muzaffarabad, has been destroyed, other towns and villages were flattened, and the extreme mountainous terrain and bad weather made many areas unreachable for weeks after the earthquake. The tremors from the quake extended into India and Afghanistan. An estimated 4 million people were left homeless with winter on the way and insufficient resources to provide shelter for the many homeless.
Hurricane Katrina, a Category 3 hurricane and one of the most powerful and deadliest to hit the U.S., devastated the La. and Miss. coast, landing just east of New Orleans with 127 mph winds. The high winds and massive flooding miles inland left thousands homeless, 2.3 million without electricity, roads and bridges destroyed, and communications inoperable. Storm surges, up to 25 ft, swamped the Mississippi Gulf Coast destroying hundreds of homes, roads, and much of the coastal infrastructure. Loss of casinos on the Gulf coast and damage to oil rigs increased the economic devastation to the area and the entire country. The breach of two levees (дамба, плотина, речная пристань, мол, запруда) in New Orleans, the day after the storm, submerged 80 per cent of the city with flood waters that reached up to 20 ft. greatly increasing the damage from the hurricane, shutting down the entire city, and leaving thousands of New Orleans residents trapped on rooftops and in the evacuation centers without food, water, or other services. Widespread looting (ограбление, разграбление) occurred and troops were called in to restore order. On Monday, September 15, the levees were patched and water began to be pumped from the city, a process which took more than a month. The major ordered the city evacuated because of the health risk. In all, the Coast Guard evacuated 30,000 people who were stranded (выбросить на берег, высадить на берег) by Katrina. The death toll (потери, жертвы) reached 1,323 making it the third deadliest hurricane in the U.S. Katrina was one of the most devastating hurricanes to hit the U.S. with estimates of $100 billion in losses, $ 34 billion insured losses. The initial local and federal government response to the hurricane was slow and inadequate, leaving thousands, primarily the poor who were unable to evacuate, without water, food, or shelter for days.
In February a magnitude 6.4 earthquake in central Iran shook more than 40 villages, killing at least 612 people, injuring over 1,400, and destroying villages that had many mud-brick houses.
In November the explosion in the chemical plant in China and the flow of 100 tons of benzene into the Songhua River was the most disastrous ecologic catastrophe of the year which affected Russia too. A toxic spill from petrochemical plant blast sent more than 100 tons of benzene, a cancer-causing substance, down the Songhua River.
In October Hurricane Stan brought landslides and floods to El Salvador, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Honduras, and Mexico, killing more than 2,000, and forcing hundreds of thousands to evacuate. In El Salvador more than 130,000 people were evacuated and 80% of the roads were affected. In Guatemala, continuous torrential rains brought floods and mudslides that killed more than 2,000 and buried the whole village of Panabaj.
A gas explosion killed 209 miners at the Sunjiawan mine in China at the beginning of February. It was the deadliest reported mine disaster in China since 1949.
The most disastrous airline catastrophe in Indonesia in September took lives of147 people when Boeing 737 crashed soon after takeoff and fell on a house. Only 13 passengers survived.
A bus crashed into a cistern with ammonia, bowed up and burned killing about 38 people in Mexico on November 15.
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