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Radio therapy of stomach cancer

International classification by system of TNM:

Preoperational radiotherapy causes the damage or death of the most malignant anaplasy part of cellular tumour populyation - probability of development of relapses and metastases after the operation diminishes as a result. Expediently to conduct predoperational radio therapy at the I-III stage of process.

Some authors enter radio-active colloid gold of ¹⁹⁸Au with the purpose of warning of development of metastases in a liver. The entered ¹⁹⁸Au taken in by the reticuloendotelial system of liver and caused its even radiation exposure.

Contra-indications to conducting of radio therapy are: presence of remote metastases, cachexy, stenosis pylorus, bleeding from a tumour, violation of function of buds and liver, anaemia, heavy forms of cardiac, pulmonary insufficiency and diabetes.

Two charts of fractionating of dose are used - classic and combined into larger units.

• at the classic fractionating the radiation exposure is conducted 5 times per a week, OD 2 Gy of SD 40-45 Gy.

• at the combined fractionating into larger units of dose - OD 4 Gy daily 5 times per a week, SD 40 Gy.

Conduct operative interference in 4-7 days after ending of radiation exposure on the method of the combined fractionating into larger units and in 12-14 days at the classic fractionating.

At the exposure of tailings of tumour in the edges of cut the predoperational radiation exposure can be complemented to afteroperatonal(SD 20- 30 Gy, OD 2 Gy).

Radio therapy at patients with crawfish of stomach is usually conducted with the use of two or three fields of radiation exposure. The sizes of the fields of radiation exposure can change, depending on a size and form of stomach, localization and prevalence of tumour, in wide limits – from 8-10 sm on 10-16 sm.

Radiotherapy of rectum cancer

Stages of disease:

Stage 0 – T_isN₀M₀

Stage I – T_1-2 N₀M₀

Stage II – T_3-4 N₀M₀

Stage III – any T, N_1-2 M₀

Stage IV – any T, any N, M₁

Medical treatment of cancer of rectum:

Stage 0 - transanalnoe or endoscopy deleting of tumour of rectum.

Stage I - preoperational radio therapy by the factions OD on 5 Gy during 5 days, SD 25Gy + operative medical treatment in 24-72 hours.

Stage ІІ -preoperational radio therapy to SBD 50 Gy (25 h 2 Gy 5 times per a week) operative medical treatment in 4-6 weeks.

Stage ІІІ - preoperational radio therapy to SD 50 Gy (25 h 2 Gy 5 times per a week) + operative medical treatment in 4-6 weeks + polychemicaltherapy.

Stage ІV - at presence of solitar metastases in a liver or lights it is possible surgical deleting and (or) polychemicaltherapy.