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Names of binary compounds.

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Anion Compounds name Example Anion Compounds name Example
H- hydride NaH – sodium hydride S2- sulfide Na2S – sodium sulfide
B3- boride Li3B – lithium boride Cl- chloride LiCl – lithium chloride
C4- carbide Al4C3 – aluminum carbide As3- arsenide AlAs – aluminum arsenide
N3- nitride Mg3N2 – magnesium nitride Se2- selenide MgSe – magnesium selenide
O2- oxyde CaO – calcium oxyde Br- bromide CaBr2 – calcium bromide
O22- peroxyde K2O2 – potassiun peroxide Sb3- antimonide K3Sb – potassiun antimonide
O2- superoxide (hyperoxide) CsO2 – ceasium superoxide Te2- telluride Cs2Te – ceasium telluride
O3- ozonide KO3 – potassium ozonide I- iodide KI – potassium iodide
F- fluoride NaF – sodium fluoride Bi3- bismuthide Na3Bi – sodium bismuthide
Si4- silicide Mg2Si – magnesium silicide N3- azide AgN3 – silver azide
P3- phosphide Ca3P2 – calcium phosphide C22- acetylenide Cu2C2 – copper acetylenide

Binary covalent compounds are formed between two nonmetals. Although these compounds do not contain ions, they are named very similarly to binary ionic compounds.

In the naming of binary covalent compounds, the following rules apply:

1. The first element in the formula is named first, using the full element name.

2. The second element is named as if it were an anion.

3. Prefixes are used to denote the numbers of atoms present.

4. The prefix mono- is never used for naming the first element. For example, CO is called carbon monoxide, not monocarbon monoxide.

To see how these rules apply, we will now consider the names of the several covalent compounds formed by nitrogen and oxygen:

Notice from the preceding examples that to avoid awkward pronunciations, we often drop the final o or a of the prefix when the element begins with a vowel. For example, N2O4 is called dinitrogen tetroxide, not dinitrogen tetr a oxide, and CO is called carbon monoxide, not carbon mon o oxide.

Some compounds are always referred to by their common names. The two best examples are water and ammonia. The systematic names for H2O and NH3 are never used.

Example: name the compound with formula containing four atoms of chlorine and one atom of silicon.

Answer: SiCl4,Silicon tetrachloride (Silicon is written first since it lies to the left of chlorine.)



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Glossary. | System International base units of measurement | ISWT 1. | Multiplication - умножение | Правила чтения химических формул | Common Laboratory Apparatus | Chemical properties of acids. | LABORATORY SAFETY RULES | Practical class 7. | Table 2. Numerical Prefixes |

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