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Penitentiary.A correctional facility or other place of long-term confinement for convicted criminals; prison.

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5. Docket, n. A minute, abstract, or brief entry; or the book containing such entries. A formal record, entered in brief, of the proceedings in a courtof justice. A book containing an entry in brief of all the important acts done in court in the conduct of each case, from its inception to its conclusion. The name of “docket” or “trial docket” is sometimes given to the list or calendar of cases set to be tried at a specified term, prepared by the clerks for the use of the court and bar.

6. Docket, v. To abstract and enter in a book. To make a brief entry of any proceeding in a court of justice in the docket.

7. Per curiam opinion. An opinion handed down by the court without identifying the individual judge who wrote the opinion. – Sometimes shortened to per curiam.

8. Dissenting opinion. An opinion by one or more judges who disagree with the decision reached by the majority. – Often shortened to dissent. – Also termed minority opinion.

9. Reversal. An appellate court’s overturning of a lower court’s decision.

10. Affirmance. The formal approval by an appellate court of a lower court’s judgment, order, or decree.

 

11. Replete – fully provided or filled.

12. Contemplation – the act of thinking deeply and quietly; deep thought.

13. Judicial power – the authority exercised by that department of government which is charged with declaration of what law is and its construction. The authority vested in courts and judges, as distinguished from the executive and legislative power. Courts have general powers to decide and pronounce a judgment and carry it into effect between two persons and parties who bring a case before it for decision; and also such specific powers as contempt powers, power to control admission and disbarment of attorneys, power to adopt rules of court, etc.

14. Acrimonious -bitter, as of manner or language.

15. Caucus – a collection of representatives from a political party who assemble for the purpose of nominating candidates and deciding party policy.

16. Logrolling – the practice of giving praise or help to someone’s work in return for receiving the same; the practice in the US Congress of helping one member pass a bill in return for receiving the same help at a later time.

17. Ensue – happen afterwards, often as a result.

17. Summary – short; concise; immediate; peremptory; off-hand; without a jury; provisional.

 

TASK II In which of the following meanings is the word ‘ pauper’ used in the text:

a). a beggar, a person without means;

b). a recipient of a poor law relief;

c). a person who may sue “ in forma pauperis “

 

TASK III Make the list of the verbs used with the nouns “ case “ and “opinion”. Give Russian equivalents to them andmake up sentences with them:

case opinion
to docket the case – to assign the opinion-

 




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TASK VII Read the following passage and express your attitude to various approaches to decision – making. | Text 6 Judicial review | LANGUAGE PRACTICE AND COMPREHENSION CHECK | Text I State Courts vs. Federal Courts | To read or find the meaning of (something difficult or secret, esp. a code;) | TEXT 2 The Structure of American Courts | Text 3 Consequences of the Dual Court System | Text 4 The Administrative Organization of Courts |


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