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Safeguarding their crew, passengers, visitors, other employees, ships and cargoes from the activities of terrorist or other organisations.

11.2 IMO recommends that ship operators appoint an officer to be responsible for the security of each individual vessel (the ship security officer) with responsibilities for:-

advising the master on the threat assessment for the voyage and agreeing the ship’s response

regular security inspections of the ship

detailed contingency planning

implementing/maintaining the ship's security plan designed by the operator’s security officer

proposing modifications to the plan

encouraging security awareness and vigilance on board the ship

liaising with port security officers during the ship's visit and with the ship operator

reporting, as appropriate, all occurrences and suspected occurrences of unlawful acts

co-ordinating the implementation of the ship security plan with the appropriate port security plans.

11.3 Companies and masters should establish a threat level indicator and incremental measures to be taken at each of the threat levels should be laid down. The following might be considered:-

Level 1 access on and off the vessel controlled and all persons identified;

embarked passengers not be allowed to disembark without authority;

access to sensitive areas of the vessel limited;

control access to cargo spaces;

unused rooms or spaces kept locked;

spot checks to ensure that access points to the vessel are adequately controlled;

ship security officer advised to contact port security at each port of call.

Level 2 closer scrutiny paid to deliveries of stores;

passengers advised not to leave their baggage unattended;

occasional bomb searches carried out at random intervals;

checks made of seals on containers and other cargo;

crew advised to be vigilant and checks made on Level 1 procedures;

close liaison established and maintained with onshore security authorities;

more frequent random checks of passengers, their baggage and vehicles;

patrols introduced on board the vessel;

no persons other than the crew allowed on the bridge or in the engine room;

in port, inspections of the hull of the vessel made from the quay and outboard;

access of all visitors to the vessel strictly controlled.

Level 3 regular and thorough bomb searches conducted;

all stores checked prior to acceptance and a check made on recent deliveries;

all spaces, including off-duty crew lockers and storage locations, searched;

crew briefed on the seriousness of the situation and the requirement for vigilance;

patrols of the vessel, especially on deck, intensified.

11.4 If despite all efforts at deterrence and prevention a vessel is hijacked, the master should

keep calm and advise all others to keep calm;

ensure the safety of the ship in accordance with maritime practice;

broadcast a distress message if possible;

offer reasonable co-operation.;

try to establish what group of terrorists is involved;

try, without risk, to increase the number of access points to the vessel;

encourage the establishment of a secure, direct negotiation channel with the authorities.

In the event or in anticipation of military action:

Do not react to strangely dressed newcomers.

Do not attract attention to any unusual activity.

If shooting is heard or the loud command " GET DOWN ", obey it.

If the loud command " STAND STILL " is heard then freeze immediately.

Inform a member of the military assault force of the location of terrorist bombs or weapons.

Do not take photographs of the military assault force.

11.5 Search plans should be prepared in advance, to help ensure the maximum effectiveness of the search, and should be practised from time to time to build up confidence on the part of the crew.

11.6 The disposal of any device is the responsibility of the security services and no attempt should be made to deal with any discovered device.