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Efficiency of Exports

×èòàéòå òàêæå:
  1. Eco-efficiency and Business
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  5. The Role of Eco-Efficiency: Global Challenges and Opportunities in the 21st Century

Efficiency of Imports

Efficiency of Exports

Efficiency of Imports

The efficiency of imports for domestic sales
1.1. Economic Effect of imports for domestic sales is an absolute economic indicator expressed in monetary units which represents the difference between selling value of the imported goods in the domestic market and the total costs for imports:

 

 

The economic meaning: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1. 2.Economic Efficiency of imports for domestic sales is a relative economic indicator, expressed in relative units which represents the ratio of the selling value of the imported goods in the domestic market and the total costs for imports:

 

The economic meaning: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

 

Efficiency of Exports

2.1.Economic Effect of exports is an absolute economic indicator expressed in monetary units which represents the difference between the revenue (proceeds) received from the export transaction, and the costs of production and export of goods:

 

 


The economic meaning: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

2.2.Economic Efficiency of exports is a relative economic indicator expressed in relative units which represents the ratio of the revenue (proceeds) received from the export transaction, and the costs of production and export of goods:

 

 

The economic meaning: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

Exercise#1. Ukrainian company (Donetsk) specializes in the production and sales of electric engines. Costs per unit of production is 1200 UAH. Selling price of goods (including VAT) in the domestic market - 1650 UAH/unit.

The company has received commercial request for supply of 250 electric engines to India (Delhi) by air transport (main transportation is Kiev-Delhi).

The foreign buyer offeres 2 alternative prices for different terms of delivery INCOTERMS-2010: FCA Kiev-airport: $195 (per unit), and CIP Delhi-airport: $220 (per unit).

What is the best option for the Ukrainian producer? Please, calculate and compare the results (indicators) of economic effect and economic efficiency for sale both on domestic and foreign market, taking into account the delivery costs give in the table.

Exchange Rate: 1USD = 8.0UAH.

Table-Delivery costs

Packing, Marking, UAH/ unit Export Customs Clearing, UAH Carriage within the Ukrainian territoty (Donetsk -Kiev), UAH Airfreight Kiev-Delhi, USD Insurance of the cargo against casual destruction or damage, USD Import Customs Clearing, USD
           

 

Calculation Table USD

  Export Sale on Domestic Market
FÑÀ Kiev-airport CIÐ Delhi-airport
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         

 

Answer: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

 

Exercise#2.
Ukrainian company (Kiev), which specializes in importing and wholesaling of household radiators on the market of Ukraine received commercial offers for supply of 1000 units from producers of similar goods from Germany and China (Table 1). Delivery cost by air transport to Ukraine is 10000 EUR. Countries of origin of goods and countries of production are the same.

Import customs duty rates: Privileged – 5 %; Full – 10%.

Cost related to sale of the goods on the domestic market is 20000 UAH.

Exchange rates: 1EUR = 11,0 UAH., 1CNY = 1,3 UAH.

 

Table 1. Commercial offers

  Suppliers / Sellers / Exporters
Germany,Berlin China, Shanghai
Price per unit 100 EUR FCA Berlin, Airport 1100 CNY DDP Kiev Airport
Selling price on the domestic market per unit 1600 UAH 1500 UAH

 

Please, chose the the most favorable offer for Ukrainian importer, taking into account the cost of delivery and customs duties (import duties, VAT). Please, evaluate the Economic Effect and Economic Efficiency of the both commercial offers.

 

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

  Suppliers / Sellers / Exporters
Germany,Berlin China, Shanghai
Economic Effect, UAH    
Economic Efficiency    

 

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

 

 

SELF-CONTROL QUESTIONS

I. Please, answer the questions below.

1. Please, describe how the indicator "Economic Effect of imports " is calculated?

2. What is the economic meaning of the indicator "Economic Effect of imports "?

3. Please, describe how the indicator "Economic Efficiency of imports " is calculated?

4. What is the economic meaning of the indicator "Economic Efficiency of imports "?

5. Please, describe how the indicator "Economic Effect of exports " is calculated?

6. What is the economic meaning of the indicator "Economic Effect of exports "?

7. Please, describe how the indicator "Economic Efficiency of exorts " is calculated?

8. What is the economic meaning of the indicator "Economic Efficiency of exports "?

 

INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT:

EFFICIENCY OF IMPORTS (10points)

 

 

Ukrainian company "UkrImport" specializes in import and wholesale distribution of goods in the Ukrainian market.

"UkrImport" received a commercial offer from a foreign supplier concerning import of goods to Ukraine on terms of delivery FCA warehouse of the seller.

Description of goods and the offer price are given in Table 1. The market research results as to transport and insurance services are given in Table 2. Initial data for the calculations are in Tables 1-4.

Exchange rates on the calculation date: 1 USD = 8 UAH, 1 EUR = 11 UAH.

Please, choose your variant according to your personal number in the list of the group

The task:

1. Calculate the costs related to the imports including delivery to Ukraine by road transportation, cargo insurance against accidental loss or damage, as well as import customs duties. Calculate the total costs for the ukrainian importer both per unit and the consignment of the imported goods.

2. Evaluate the expediency of the offer economically: with indicators of economic effect and economic efficiency. Please, compare the results of the potential import transaction to usual rate of return (trade margin, mark-up) accepted for the sale of goods on the domestic market.

3. Assess the impact of currency fluctuations on the outcome of the transaction. Please, determine

1) the maximum exchange rate providing usual mark-up (without changing the sale price on the domestic market);

2) the exchange rate at which the outcome of the import transaction is zero (revenue from sales on the domestic market is equal to the total costs on imports and sales).

3) Please, estimate the price of goods on the domestic market providing usual rate of return to the Ukrainian importer at the new exchange rates:

1 USD = 16 UAH, 1 EUR = 20 UAH.

 

Initial data

Table 1 - Details of the offer

# Product Importer-buyer Exporter-seller FCA price per unit
1. Pistachio nuts Kharkov, Ukraine “OSCAR” (Turkey, Ankara) 5 USD
2. Dried figs Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine “KARAT” (Greece, Saloniki) 3,5 EUR
3. Microwave ovens Kharkov, Ukraine “OSCAR” (Poland, Warsaw) 37 USD
4. Pneumatic rubber tires for cars, new Donetsk, Ukraine “BRIG (Germany, Leipzig) 50 EUR
5. Mountain bikes Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine “BRIG” (Italy, Turin) 250 USD
6. Household dishwashers Donetsk, Ukraine “BRIG” (Italy, Milan) 200 EUR
7. Combined refrigerator-freezers with separate external doors, household, capacity 350 liters Kharkov, Ukraine “KARAT” (Slovakia, Bratislava) 340 USD
8. Embedded gas steel cooking surface with 4 gas burners (corrosive steel)   Donetsk, Ukraine “BRIG” (Italy, Turin) 70 EUR
9. Alpine skiing Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine “OSCAR” (Germany, Leipzig) 130 USD
10. Badminton racket Donetsk, Ukraine “OSCAR” (Germany, Leipzig) 4 EUR
11. Freezers, household type "bin", capacity of 150 liters Kharkov, Ukraine “KARAT” (Slovakia, Bratislava) 180 USD
12. Electric juicer for fruit and vegetables Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine “KARAT” (Poland, Warsaw) 27 EUR
13. Electric blenders (food chopper) Donetsk, Ukraine “BRIG” (Italy, Milan) 30 USD
14. Glass chandelier for residential lighting Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine “OSCAR” (Slovenia, Ljubljana) 32 EUR
15. Sets of electric Christmas light decorations for Christmas trees Donetsk, Ukraine “KARAT” (Poland, Warsaw) 3,5 USD
16. Roller Skates Kharkov, Ukraine “OSCAR” (Turkey, Ankara) 30 EUR
17. Leather soccer ball Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine “OSCAR” (Turkey, Ankara) 24 USD

 


Table 2 - Initial data

  Variant number
                                 
1. Average sales per year kg kg units units units units units units pairs 3000 units units units units units units pairs units
2. Number of deliveries per year                                  
3. The costs of certification and other forms of control, UAH / shipment                                  
4. Additional costs for import customs formalities, UAH / shipment                                  
5. Average costs related to storage and sale of goods in the domestic market, UAH / year                                  
6. The price of goods on the domestic market, UAH / unit of product                                  
7. Usual rate of return (trade margin, mark-up), %                                  

Table 3 - The cost of transport and insurance services

Variant number Cost of transportation, foreign currency per 1 km The cost of insurance, % of value FCA
1. 1,2  
2. 1,0  
3. 1,3  
4. 0,9  
5. 1,1 7,5
6. 0,9 5,5
7. 1,25  
8. 0,95  
9. 1,15  
10. 1,0  
11. 1,3 7,5
12. 1,05 5,5
13. 1,1  
14. 0,9  
15. 1,25  
16. 0,95  
17. 1,1 7,5

 

 

Table 4 - Data for calculating the cost of transport services

The route Country adjacent to Ukraine Distance, km
total on Ukrainian territory
Donetsk Ankara (Turkey) Moldova    
Donetsk Madrid (Spain) Poland    
Donetsk Warsaw (Poland) Poland    
Donetsk Krakov (Poland) Poland    
Donetsk Turin (Italy) Moldova    
Donetsk Milan (Italy) Moldova    
Donetsk Ljubljana (Slovenia) Moldova    
Donetsk Sukhum (Georgia) Russia    
Donetsk Bratislava (Slovakia) Moldova    
Donetsk Leipzig (Germany) Poland    
Dnepropetrovsk Ankara (Turkey) Moldova    
Dnepropetrovsk Madrid (Spain) Poland    
Dnepropetrovsk Warsaw (Poland) Poland    
Dnepropetrovsk Saloniki (Greece) Moldova    
Dnepropetrovsk Varna (Bulgaria) Moldova    
Dnepropetrovsk Sofia (Bulgaria) Moldova    
Dnepropetrovsk Turin (Italy) Moldova    
Dnepropetrovsk Leipzig (Germany) Poland    
Dnepropetrovsk Milan (Italy) Moldova    
Dnepropetrovsk Ljubljana (Slovenia) Moldova    
Dnepropetrovsk Bratislava (Slovakia) Moldova    
Kharkov Ankara (Turkey) Moldova    
Kharkov Madrid (Spain) Poland    
Kharkov Saloniki (Greece) Moldova    
Kharkov Sukhum (Georgia) Russia    
Kharkov Varna (Bulgaria) Moldova    
Kharkov Sofia (Bulgaria) Moldova    
Kharkov Milan (Italy) Slovakia    
Kharkov Ljubljana (Slovenia) Slovakia    
Kharkov Bratislava (Slovakia) Poland    
Kharkov Warsaw (Poland) Poland    

 

 




Äàòà äîáàâëåíèÿ: 2015-09-11; ïðîñìîòðîâ: 28 | Ïîìîæåì íàïèñàòü âàøó ðàáîòó | Íàðóøåíèå àâòîðñêèõ ïðàâ

Subject Matter of International Business | FUNDAMENTALS OF MERCANTILISM | N THE LAW OF COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE | BY M. PORTER | Firm Strategy, Structure and Rivalry | THE THEORIES OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE | The Form and Content of International Contract | Consolidated Goods and Services Balance | Table 1. Goods and Services Trade Balance, mln.USD | Table 1. Services Trade Balance |


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