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We have been driving for 5 hours but we haven’t reached the destination yet.
Visible results
She’s been crying
The boys have been fighting
Irritation
Who has been sleeping in my bed?
Smb has been using my phone
Emphasis on DURATION
She has been crying since morning
He has been looking for a job since last year
Simple Past | V – 2 form / Ved | Didn’t work | Did …. work? | Did |
ago, yesterday, last month/year/week/night, then, when, in May, in 1998
A regular, habitual action in the past
Two years ago I studied English in England.
Sequence of tenses in reported speech in the past
They complained they had nobody to help them
A succession of actions in the past
Came, saw, won
Pushed the power button, went online, wrote an email and sent it
Since, when, then
The boy has eaten 3 ice-creams since I came here
We haven’t seen each other since we graduated the university.
Smb was doing smth when smth happened
Did it then
5) past habit/state
He went to school on foot / He used to go to school on foot
She was the president of the company / She used to be the president of the company
He drove a green Ferrari / He used to drive a green Ferrari
Past Continuous | was working were working | wasn’t working weren’t working | Was I / he working? Were they working? | Was Were |
At 6 o’clock yesterday, from 5 to 7, when you came/phoned, during, while, all day yesterday, all morning, all night, still
Past action in process
He was playing tennis at 5 yesterday
She was shopping at 5 yesterday
Action in process interrupted by another action
When I was doing …, smth V ed
I was studying English when you called me yesterday
Simultaneous past actions in process
While I was sunbathing, the children were swimming
Past Perfect | had worked | Hadn’t worked | Had ….. worked? | Had |
1) By ……, before, after, by the time
I had completed my project by yesterday evening
I had studied English before I moved to the U.S.
I had already arrived to the office by the time the negotiations started
We watched a movie, after children had gone to bed
2) hardly had…when smth Ved; scarcely had …than smth Ved; No sooner had … than smth Ved
Hardly had the plane landed when the police came on board
Hardly had Tom got married when he divirced
Past Perfect Continuous | had been working | Hadn’t been working | Had …. been working? | Had |
For …before, for…by
I had been studying English for five years before I moved to the U.S.
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