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Learning Content Management System

International Data Corporation (IDC), a premier global market intelligence and advisory firm in the IT and telecommunication industries defines LCMS as a system that creates, stores, assembles and delivers personalised e-learning content in the form of learning objects (IDC, 2004). A learning object is a “standing piece or chunk of education that contains content and assessment based on specific learning objectives” (Figure 1). Learning objects are described by metadata. Retrieval and reuse of learning objects from a central repository (or knowledge base) ensures higher relevancy and saves development time. If the learning materials are already categorised according to the student’s knowledge states (e.g. weak, moderate and advanced), then personalising learning materials to different student needs becomes even easier.

Figure 1 Components of learning objects

According to Learning Circuits (Learning Circuits, 2002), other than support for reusable learning objects, LCMSs provide:

a) Content creation tools for novice developers

b) Communication and collaboration tools (asynchronous and synchronous such as white boards and group chats)

c) Assessment tools for different levels of students

d) Administration tools to manage registration and monitoring of students’ progress, student log and course content

e) Interoperability with any LMS or Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system and support basic integration formats such as Extensible Markup Language (XML) and other industry standards (IMS Global Learning Consortium (IMS), Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) and Aviation Industry CBT Committee (AICC)

f) Security to protect content and user data, including a secure set of user privileges and permission levels to control, manage and update content

g) Facilities for content migration to re-purpose content for faster online deployment

h) Automated implementation processes whereby features can be enabled or disabled, thus facilitating easier and quicker customisation

In this paper, we focus on one of the LCMS features, i.e. content creation through an authoring tool. An LCMS also concentrates on online learning content, usually in the form of learning objects. However, an LMS manages and administers all forms of learning within an organisation as explained in the following subsection.