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Summary 2-28
Present Perfect
We use PP when
The past is connected with the present. Result.
# I have lost my key, so now I can’t get into my apartment!
Announce a happening or news
#We have passed the level!!!
# Jennifer has bought a new car!
# We have built a house!
3)With markers already, just, yet, never, ever, in my life…
always
Мы знаем, что этот маркер используется в Present Simple, например, в предложении
He alsways goes to bed at 4.
Этот маркер мы помним и из Present Continuous и используем, когда жалуемся на кого-то: He is always eating!
Он также используется и в Past Simple, когда мы говорим о том, что человек обычно делал в прошлом. When he was little, he always cried.
Можем мы его использовать и для будущих времен.
В Present Perfect, если действие началось в прошлом и продолжается (повторяется) до сих пор, мы тоже можем использовать этот маркер.
# I have always loved reading. Я всегда любил(а) читать.
# He has always lied to his boss. Он всегда врал своему боссу
sofar – к настоящему моменту, уже, на сегодняшний день
# I have visited thirty countries so far. К настоящему моменту я посетил 30 стран.
recently/lately – недавно, в последнее время
# He has made great progress recently В последнее время он добился больших успехов
4)With present markers: In my life, today, this year...
# I have done many useful things today
We don’t use Present Perfect, but we use Past Simple:
NBs:
NB1 When we give many details we use Past Simple.
# Today I met Tom, phoned Jim, lost my memory.
NB2 When, What time - Past Simple.
# What time did you wake up today?
NB3 When we ask additional questions - Past Simple
# A: Oh! I’ve burnt myself!
B: How did you do that?
A: I touched a hot dish.
Grammar homework for the
1) You’re writing a letter to a friend of yours who lives in Africa and misses you very much. Give him/her some news about the people you both know (6-8 sentences)
Dear Wendy, so many things have happened to us in our village. I want to share some of them with you. Mary has found a boyfriend and now she’s the happiest girl in the world ……………
2) You’re a very absent-minded* person. You are always forgetting to switch off lights, gas and so on. Make a note to stick on your door not to forget anything (at least 5 things)
Ex: Have you closed the windows? *absent-minded – рассеянный
3) Give examples of Present Perfect with RESULT meaning in the table (4 sentences)
| Present Perfect | Result |
 1) I’ve fallen in love
2) …………………
| 1) I am crazy! 2) ………………. |
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