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Canada’s oil and natural gas supplies are mainly located in rural and remote areas of Western Canada, the Arctic and offshore. Consumers are concentrated in southern Ontario and Quebec, the lower mainland of British Columbia, and the western, northern and northeastern United States.
Supply and demand are linked together in Canada by about 550,000 kilometers of pipelines. Some are massive steel conduits more than a meter in diameter, while others are plastic tubes a few centimeters across. They form delivery systems as vast and complex as the railroads, highways or electric utilities. However, pipelines are largely invisible, buried a meter or more underground.
About 95 per cent of Canada’s crude oil and natural gas is transported by pipelines. Regulators set strict safety and environmental standards for pipeline construction and operation.
Crude oils, gas liquids and refined products are also transported by tanker, barge, railway and truck. Pipelines are the only method used to deliver natural gas in Canada today.
XII. Give a summary of the text.
UNIT 7
TYPES OF PIPE LINES AND STORAGE TANKS
I. Study the following words before reading the text.
| 1.additional 2. assume 3. by gravity 4. calculate 5. concrete 6. consume 7. demand 8.downstream 9. expedient 10. final consumer 11. fuse 12. gathering line 13. install | 1. дополнительный 2. допускать, предполагать 3. самотёком 4. считать, подсчитывать 5. бетон 6. потреблять 7. требование, спрос 8. зд. транспортировка, реализация нефтепродуктов 9. приемлемое средство 10. конечный потребитель 11. сваривать сплавлением 12. промысловый трубопровод 13. устанавливать, монтировать | 14. looping 15. mud 16. original 17. processing facility 18. produce 19. refer (to) 20. reservoir = tank= vessel 21.sedimentation plant 22. storage tank 23. subject to 24. sufficient 25 treatment plant | 14. обводной трубопровод 15. буровой раствор 16. первый 17. очистное сооружение 18. добывать 19. ссылаться (на) 20. резервуар 21. отстойник 22. резервуар для хранения нефтепродуктов 23. подвергать чему-либо 24. достаточный 25. очистное сооружение |
II. Pay attention to the pronunciation of the following words.
| ü nearby ü couple ü sub-sea ü multi-product | ü final ü basically ü horizontal ü concrete ü throughput | ü manufactured ü technique ü simultaneous ü triumph |
III. Read and translate the following text.
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