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DISCOVERIES

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  1. Unexpected Discoveries
1.   2.   3.   4.   5,   6.   7.   8.   Flemming was studying influenza ______________ Columbus discovered America _______________ Hillary and Tenzing reached the top of Everest ________ Scott reached the South Pole in 1912 ________________ Franklin was flying a kite when __________________ Before Columbus discovered America ____________ Newton made his great discovery ______________ Climbers had been trying to conquer Everest _________ a)   b) c)   d)   e)   f)   g)   h)   after they had been climbing for several days. when be discovered penicillin. but Amundsen had beaten him by a month.. he discovered the principle of the lightning conductor. though at first he believed he had reached Asia. and several had lost their lives in the attempt. people had believed that the Earth was flat. while he was sitting under an apple tree.

Exercise 13. Decide whether the tense underlined is suitable or not in the context given. If you decide it is unsuitable, write a correction.

1. The train (1) ground to a halt at a small station miles from London, and it (2) became apparent that the engine (3) had broken down. Everyone (4) was getting their cases down from the luggage racks, and we (5) were waiting on the platform in the freezing wind for hours until the next train (6) had turned up.

a) (suitable) b) __________ c) __________ d) ___________ e) ___________ f) ___________

2. The other strange thing about our neighbour Mrs Black was that she (1) would never go out if it was raining. She (2) used to look up at the sky whenever (3) it was getting cloudy, and as soon as even the smallest drop of rain (4) was falling she (5) had scuttled back into her house and (6) was locking herself in the bedroom!

a) (suitable) b) __________ c) __________ d) ___________ e) ___________ f) ___________

3. Inspector Gorse (1) was in touch with Thames Valley Police six months before Professor Dowson (2) was disappearing, because the Professor’s wife Jean (3) would write to him, accusing her husband of plotting to murder her. And now it was the Professor who (4) disappeared. Gorse (5) considered what his next step should be when the phone rang. It was Sergeant Adams from Thames Valley. A fisherman (6) discovered a body in the Thames near Reading, and it fitted the description of the Professor.

a) (had been) b) __________ c) __________ d) ___________ e) ___________ f) ___________

Exercise 14. Put each verb in brackets into a suitable past tense. Only use the PAST PERFECT where this is absolutely necessary.

This time last year I (1) was cycling (cycle) in the rain along a country road in France with a friend of mine. We (2) ________ (decide) to go on a cycling holiday in Normandy. Neither of us (3) ________ (go) to France before, but we (4) ________ (know) some French from our time at school and we (5) _______ (manage) to brush up on the basics. Now we (6) ________ (wonder) if we (7) ________ (make) the right decision. We (8) ________ (plan) our route carefully in advance, but we (9) _______ (forget) one important thing, the weather. It (10) ________ (rain) solidly since our arrival and that night we (11) _________ (end up) sleeping in the waiting room at a railway station. Then the next morning as we (12) _______ (ride) down a steep hill my bike (13) ________ (skid) on the wet road and I (14) _______ (fall off). I (15) ________ (realize) immediately that I (16) ________ (break) my arm, and after a visit to the local hospital I (17) ________ (catch) the next train to Calais for the ferry home. Unfortunately my parents (18) _______ (not expect) me home for a fortnight, and (19) _______ (go) away on holiday. So I (20) _______ (spend) a miserable couple of weeks alone, reading Teach Yourself French.

 

Exercise 15. In each sentence decide whether one or both of the alternative tenses given are appropriate.

1. In those days, I always used to get up / got up early in the morning (both appropriate). 2. When I got to the cinema Jack had been waiting / was waiting for me. 3. We would always have / were always having breakfast in bed on Sundays. 4. Mary was always falling / always fell ill before important examinations. 5. My sister used to own / would own a motorcycle and sidecar. 6. Pay no attention to Dave’s remarks. He wasn’t meaning / didn’t mean it. 7. I felt awful after lunch. I ate / had eaten too much. 8. Brenda left / had left before I had time to talk to her. 9. The explanation was simple. In 1781 HMS Sovereign on her way back from India had sighted / sighted an empty boat drifting off the African coast. 10. Pauline has changed a lot. She didn’t always use to look / wasn’t always looking like that.

 

* Exercise 16. Rewrite each sentence so that it contains the word or words in capitals. Do not change the words in any way.

1. I intended to call you yesterday, but I forgot. I was going to call you yesterday, but I forgot. 2. We used to spend Sunday afternoons working in the garden. 3. Paul had the irritating habit of making trouble. 4. Diana wasn’t always as rude as that. 5. I felt happy about the improvement in Jean’s condition. 6. I wasn’t very keen on sport in those days. 7. I might possibly go to the theater tonight. 8. I had to go past your house so I decided to drop in. 9. Susan booked out before we got to her hotel. 10. What did you do at the moment of the explosion? GOING   WOULD ALWAYS BE BETTER USE WAS PASSING BY THE TIME WHEN  

Exercise 17. Choose the most appropriate time expression in bold type.

1. Once / afterwards I’d read the manual, I found I could use the computer quite well. 2. It was more than a month before / until I realized what had happened. 3. I managed to talk to Carol just as / while she was leaving. 4. It wasn’t until / up 1983 that Nigel could afford to take holidays abroad. 5. George always let me know by the time / whenever he was going to be late. 6. I was having a bath at the time / that time, so I didn’t hear the doorbell. 7. We bought our tickets and five minutes after / later that train arrived. 8. According to Grandpa, people used to dress formally those days / in this day. 9. Everyone was talking but stopped at the time / the moment Mr Smith entered the room. 10. The letter still hadn’t arrived by / until the end of the week.

 

* Exercise 18. Put each verb in brackets into a suitable past tense. Only use the PAST PERFECT where this is absolutely necessary.

Harry went back to the camp the following morning, but it was in some confusion. Soldiers (1) were wondering (wander) around carrying equipment from one place to another, but there (2) _________ (not seem) to be any purpose to what they (3) ________ (do). Harry (4) _______ (never be) in any army camp before, but it (5) ________ (not take) a genius to realise that most of the officers (6) _______ (take) the first opportunity to abandon the men and head for safety. He (7) ________ (try) to phone the newspaper, but something (8) ________ (happen) to the telephone lines. He (9) ________ (try) to find out what exactly (10) ________ (go on), when the first plane (11) _______ (fly) over the camp. A wooden building a few hundred yards away suddenly (12) _______ (disappear) in an explosion of flame. Before long bombs (13) _________ (explode) all around him, and then everything (14) ________ (go) quiet. The planes (15) ________ (vanish) as suddenly as they (16) _________ (appear). Smoke (17) ________ (rise) from burning buildings. A dead man (18) ________ (lie) next to Harry, the first dead person he (19)_______ (ever see). And suddenly it (20) _________ (begin) to rain.

 

Exercise 19. Translate into English.

1. Опубликованные исследования показали прочную связь между прибылью и долей рынка. 2. Около 100 лет назад стандартная рабочая неделя составляла более 60 часов. 3. Письмо пришло вчера, верно? Кто принес его? Почему вы не отдали мне его сразу? 4. Наиболее важным достижением последних лет была разработка информационной технологии. 5. Он, бывало, часами говорил о своих путешествиях. 6. Что вы делали вчера весь вечер? 7. Когда Дэнни уехал в Лондон? 8. Я как раз открывала ваше письмо, когда зазвонил телефон. 9. Она накрывала на стол, когда мы пришли. 10. Она подняла трубку и набрала номер телефона Алисы. 11. Я думал об этом весь вечер. 12. Я впервые поехал за границу, когда мне было семнадцать. 13. Фрэнк позвонил вчера и оставил сообщение.

 

 




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I. PRESENT SIMPLE (I do) and PRESENT CONTINUOUS | Exercise 1. Complete the sentences. Use the Present Continuous or the Present Simple. | Exercise 8. Put the verbs in brackets into the PRESENT SIMPLE or the PRESENT CONTINUOUS. | II. PRESENT CONTINUOUS (I am doing) and PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS (I have been doing) | III. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS (I have been doing) and PRESENT PERFECT (I have done) | PRESENT FORMS | C) Now find answers to the questions. | Exercise 9. | V. PAST PERFECT (I had done) and PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS (I had been doing) | FUTURE SIMPLE |


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