The Glorious Revolution of England was a blood-less coup(переворот) which led to the overthrow of King James II in 1688 and the establishment of William and Mary as monarchs. The Glorious Revolution of England, also called the English Revolution, the Revolution of 1688, or the Bloodless Revolution. The Glorious Revolution was so-called because it achieved its objective without any bloodshed.
Political and religious issues produced a chain of events that led to this revolution. The Glorious Revolution canceled absolutism and established a constitutional monarchy in England in which parliament had basic sovereignty (суверенитет) over the king. The Glorious Revolution led to the 1689 English Bill of Rights which was quickly followed by the 1689 Mutiny Act which sought to limit the maintenance (содержание) of a standing army during peacetime to one year.
(The 1689 English Bill of Rights was a British Law, passed by the Parliament of Great Britain in 1689 that declared the rights and liberties of the people and settling the succession in William III and Mary II following the Glorious Revolution of 1688 when James II was deposed. (свергнут))
The Glorious Revolution in England changed the role and powers of the Kings of England from those of an Absolute monarch to a Constitutional monarch.
An 'Absolute Monarchy' meant the king had the power to do do anything without any constraint by law or parliament
A 'Constitutional Monarchy' meant the king acted as a figurehead whose power was limited by parliament
Parliament did not want a king that ruled with absolute power. The English Revolution or the Glorious Revolution led to a constitutional and democratic form of government being put in place. The Magna Carta had started the process of establishing the democratic basis of the English Monarchy but it is not until the Glorious Revolution that this was established by the Bill of Rights 1689. The Magna Carta (The Magna Carta is a document that King John of England (1166 - 1216) was forced into signing. King John was forced into signing the charter because it greatly reduced the power he held as the King of England and allowed for the formation of a powerful parliament. The Magna Carta became the basis for English citizen's rights.)started the process of establishing the democratic basis of the English Monarchy in 1215, but it was not until the English Revolution, known as the ‘Glorious Revolution’ that the process of democracy was really established by the Bill of Rights 1689.
Дата добавления: 2014-11-24; просмотров: 184 | Поможем написать вашу работу | Нарушение авторских прав |