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Unit 16. Nature Protection
Study the list of vocabulary and pronounce the words after the teacher:
Vocabulary:
rubbish [’rлbi∫] – мусор, сор, хлам
cardboard [’ka:dbɔ:d] – картон
to recycle [tə ‚ri:’saik(ə)l] – повторно
использовать, рециркулировать
unnecessary things [лn’nesəs(ə)ri θiŋz] –
ненужные вещи
packaging [’pækidჳiŋ] – упаковка
non-biodegradable material
[‚nɔnbaiəudi:’greidəb(ə)l mə’ti(ə)riəl] –
не разлагаемый микроорганизмами материал
to reduce [tə ri:’djus] – снижать,
ослаблять, уменьшать
renewable [ri’nju:əb(ə)l] – возобновляемый
alternative ways [ɔ:l’tə:nətiv weiz] –
альтернативные способы
stiff [stif] – жёсткий, крепкий
transparent [træn’spærənt] – прозрачный
to melt [tə melt] – расплавлять
sand [sænd] – песок
viscous liquid [’viskəs ’likwid] – вязкая жидкость
insoluble [in’sɔljub(ə)l] – нерастворимый
waste [weist] – отходы
solvent [’sɔlv(ə)nt] – растворитель
garbage can – мусорный
контейнер
to empty – освободить,
опустошить
landfill – свалка мусора в яме
dump – куча мусора свалка
to bury – захоронить
to cut down – сократить
to recycle – переработать
plastic wrapping [’plæstik ’ræpiŋ] – пластиковая
обёртка
packaging – упаковка
over-use – чрезмерное
употребление
oil spillage [ɔil ’spilidჳ] – разлив/ утечка нефти
leakage – утечка
hazardous waste [’hæzədəs weist] – опасные отходы
dustbin – мусорный ящик
recyclable [‚ri’sakləbəl] – годный для
многократного использования
re-usable – годный для
многократного использования
pile of litter – куча мусора
to ruin the appearance – портить вид
an enormous danger – чудовищная
опасность
thoughtlessly discarded waste –
бездумно выбрасываемый мусор
disposal – удаление
(отходов сточных вод)
to decompose [tə ‚di:kəm’pəuz] – разлагаться
decomposing waste –
разлагающиеся отходы
to soak [tə səuk] – просачиваться
to estimate – подсчитывать,
оценивать
to disintegrate – разлагаться,
распадаться
starch [sta:t∫] – крахмал
to prevent – предотвращать
the access of oxygen [’ækses] – доступ
кислорода
recyclability [ri‚saklə’biliti] – рециркуляция
biodegradability [’baiəud‚igreidə’biliti] –
биохимическое разложение, способность к разложению микроорганизмами (пластмасс)
to reclaim [tə ri:’kleim] – утилизировать,
использовать, восстанавливать
Exercise 1. Match the words on the left with their definitions on the right:
5. earth e. chemical element that is capable to conduct heat or electricity
Exercise 2. According to the models discuss vocabulary of the previous exercise using the phrases below:
Phrases:
Phrases for expression opinion: I think …; As far as I know …; As far as I understand …; As far as I remember …; In my opinion …; To my mind …
Phrases of agreement: You are quite right, You are absolutely right, I quite agree with you, I am of the same opinion, I’m sure you are right
Phrases of disagreement: You are wrong, I’m afraid you are wrong, I’m afraid you are mistaken,I’m of another opinion, I can’t agree with you
Model 1:
Model 2:
A. – I don’t believe it!
B. – Ifyou don’t trust me you’d better consult a dictionary. It is written here that oil is the viscous liquid, insoluble in water, used as a fuel.
A. – I’m ashamed for my poor English. You are so kind to correct me.
B. – No, problem. I’m glad to help you.
Exercise 3. Listen to the text “Think of the Future” twice and decide true or false are the following statements:
Statements:
Exercise 4. Listen to the text “Some Things We Must Do” twice and answer the following questions:
Questions:
1. What materials can be reused?
2. What rubbish is not biodegradable?
3. What things are unnecessary among those that we produce?
4. Using of what material must we avoid?
5. What resources are not renewable?
6. What resources take a long time to grow?
7. What resource is not always available?
8. What are the alternative ways to make energy?
Exercise 5. Read the following text “Waste” and find in it the words according to their definitions below:
1. machine of apparatus that produces electricity
2. soft, fibrous, grey material substance that can be made into fire proof fabric or solid sheeting and used as a heat insulation material
3. heavy, silver-coloured metal usually liquid, as in thermometers and barometers
4. to throw away
5. poisonous, caused by poison
6. container fitted with explosive material
Waste
There now seems to be little future for nuclear power in Britain. A defining moment came when, in the 1980s, the government privatized the electricity generators. It had always been said that nuclear power was cheaper than its competitors. But when plans were made to sell the industry and real economic calculations had to be made, the truth was revealed. Taking into account the gigantic costs, of closing down power stations safely at the end of their lives, nuclear power was too expensive. No-one would buy the industry because it could not be run as a business.
Radioactive waste is not, of course, the only type of dangerous waste which is produced by Britain’s consumer society. There are solvents, asbestos, heavy metals such as mercury and cadmium, and hundreds of other substances. Most developed countries try to separate these things from harmless rubbish, and to dispose of them carefully or recycle them. The British system has always been to throw everything into land fill sites and hope for the best. Of course, sooner or later these toxic materials leak out of the land fill and into the surrounding environment. The network of almost 5 000 toxic sites has been described by experts as a time bomb.
Britain’s record on recycling waste is poor. They recycle about 7 per cent, compared with 30 per cent in Germany and nearer 80 per cent in some parts of Canada. No batteries and hardly any plastic are recycled here. Paper and glass are the only things commonly collected; even on paper recycling Britain is only 11th in the European league table.
Exercise 6. Read the text “Waste” once again and decide true or false are the following statements:
Statements:
1. The government in Britain privatized the electricity generators in 1980.
2. The power in Britain produced by fossil fuel is cheaper than nuclear.
3. Radioactive waste is the only type of dangerous waste which is produced by Britain’s consumer society.
4. The following substances such as solvents, asbestos, heavy metals such as mercury and cadmium don’t make any harm to the environment.
5. The British always were in the vanguard of waste recycling movement.
6. Britain is the best in Europe on paper recycling.
Exercise 7. Read the text “Waste Recycling” and find in it the words with the following meanings to fill in the crossword:
1. to reprocess for further use
2. to be broken down through chemical or bacterial action
3. rural area often with beautiful landscape
4. resorted sources of energy lying in the earth’s interior
5. substance trees are made of, used in building and as a fuel
6. hard brittle substance made of melted sand
7. to hide something in the ground
8. to become liquid by heating
9. a large group of microorganisms many of which cause disease
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