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1. Past Indefinite может сделать просьбы, вопросы и предложения более вежливыми.
*I wondered if you were free this evening.
Интересно, вы свободны сегодня вечером?
*How much did you want to spend?
Сколько вы хотите потратить?
2. Если повторное действие или признак, которые были в прошлом, в настоящем уже не имеют места, употребляется
used to + Infinitive.
I used to be an honest man before I started looking for a job.
Я был честным человеком, до того как начал искать работу.
Ex. 1. Add tag-questions.
M o d e l: Nuclear power better maintained its cost-effectiveness.
Nuclear power better maintained its cost-effectiveness, didn't it?
1. Much of the article discussed the search for water.
2. The problem wasn't with the technology.
3. Gray Cell began working with major telecommunication carriers.
4. When Estrin finished her master's degree, she had three interesting job offers.
5. One midnight, as he sat in his laboratory, the answer came to him.
6. Last year the company introduced a plain paper facsimile machine.
7. They, however, did not spell out the theoretical reason why interstitial diffusion can be fast.
8. That year she entered North Carolina State University.
9. Electricity was available elsewhere on the grid to the east and west.
10. Newton succeeded in calculating the force of gravity between the sun and the planets.
11. Canada and the U.S. represented the main markets, taking nearly a quarter of production.
12. This statement resulted from the theoretical analysis.
13. In all cases the readers entered data by way of a mouse-controlled cursor.
14. He set up a new theory for explaining this phenomenon.
Ex. 2. Translate into Russian.
1. Did your paper also contain new experimental evidence?
2. Well, the other day I read a report, which summarized current trends in plasma physics.
3. Edison not only developed the electric light, as well as generators, dynamos, meters, and techniques of installation, but in order to give electricity its first large-scale test, he also wired a square mile of New York city.
4. He then became interested in wave propagation in random media.
5. The system achieved extremely high performance and reliability.
6. From 1962 through 1964, he participated in the cooperative program in electrical engineering at Bell Labs.
7. There he worked on the development of a number of magnetic components for early computers.
8. There he received his bachelor's, master's and doctorate degrees in EE.
9. As for greenhouse gases, a recent inventory indicated the energy sector as their prime source.
10. In fiscal 1990 Goldstar successfully carried out much of the plan it conceived in 1989.
11. After my sophomore year, I went to work at one of the national labs outside.
12. There, she engaged in research on devices and subsystems for wave-length-devision multiplexed communications.
13. From 1991 to 1998, she worked at Huges Research Laboratories as research department manager for high-speed microelectronics for satellite communications.
14. Warburton and Turnbule reviewed and analyzed a great number of experimental data up to 1974 on fast diffusion in metals.
15. It was last week when you discussed the advantages as well as the disadvantages of the newly-developed technique.
16. However, a few days ago when we listened to a talk by Prof. Black, the young man surprised us all, he asked questions which showed he was keenly interested in the subject.
17. When did you begin the new series of experiments? Did it bring about any noticeable results?
18. I wonder why he brought out those facts. Do you think they were quite relevant?
19. That was, undoubtedly, the greatest and the most outstanding discovery ever made in the field.
Ex. 3. G ive full and extensive answers to the questions and respond to the statement.
You were at the conference yesterday, weren't you? How many people were there? Did they come from all over the country? Did you meet any of your acquaintances there? How many of your colleagues read the papers? Whose papers did you find of particular interest? Did any other papers leave an impression on you? Did you read a paper of your own? What was your paper about? Summarize the ideas about the conference you attended yesterday.
Ex. 4. Write the Past Simple Tense form of each verb.
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