| 1. Introducing a point
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| First of all I’d like to point out…
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| To start with…
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| The main problem is…
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| Let’s get this clear first…
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| I want to draw attention to…
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| Speaking of...
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| 2. Stating something as a fact
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| As everyone knows…
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| It is a fact that…
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| It’s generally accepted that…
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| Nobody will deny that…
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| There can be no doubt that…
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| Everyone knows that…
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| It is common knowledge that…
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| We must face the fact that…
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| 3. Keeping to the point
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| What we are discussing here is…
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| Come to the point…
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| It would be more to the point if…
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| That is not the problem…
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| It is entirely beside the point…
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| That’s quite irrelevant…
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| It has nothing to do with…
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| It doesn’t matter…
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| 4. Expressing personal opinion
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| In my opinion…
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| Let me tell you…
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| It seems to me that…
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| I believe that…
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| In my view…
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| Frankly speaking…
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| I have the feeling that…
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| To tell the truth…
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| You can take it from me that…
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| And besides…
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| I rather think that…
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| What’s more…
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| I’m absolutely convinced that…
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| Moreover…
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| If you ask me, I think that…
As far as I remember…
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| I feel that…
As for me…
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| 5. Expressing doubt
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| Do you really believe that…
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| I’m not sure that…
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| How do you know that…
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| I’m not convinced that…
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| You are not trying to tell us that…
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| I wonder if you realize…
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| I’m afraid you are exaggerating…
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| I doubt it very much…
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| I wouldn’t be so sure about that…
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| 6. Expressing pros and cons
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| There are two sides of this question…
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| An argument for/against is…
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| On the one hand/on the other hand..
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| Some people think that/
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| One should never forget that…
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| others say that…
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| 7. Expressing support
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| That’s a very important point…
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| You are quite right…
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| You’ve got a good point there…
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| I couldn’t agree with you…
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| 8. Expressing disagreement
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| I can’t accept your view…
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| I don’t quite agree there…
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| Do you expect us to believe that…
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| May I remind you that…
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| I don’t want to argue with you but..
Quite on the contrary…
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| Surely you are not serious..
I wouldn’t say that…
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| 9. Apologies
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| Excuse me, that isn’t quite right...
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| I’m so sorry…
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| You’ve got that wrong…
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| I beg your pardon…
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| It wasn’t like that at all…
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| Excuse my mistake…
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| Could I just say something…
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| Sorry to interrupt you…
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| What really happened was…
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| Just a minute…
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| 10. Giving reasons
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| The reason for this is…
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| This is due to…
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| On account of…
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| I base my argument on…
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| This is true because…
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| I’m sure since…
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| 11. Drawing conclusions
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| The obvious conclusion is…
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| It follows from this that…
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| The last but not the least…
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| The only alternative left is…
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| The only possible solution is…
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| To conclude that…
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| 12. Giving a summary
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| In the end…
Finally I would like to say…
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| To sum it up…
Summing up…
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| To cut the long story short…
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| In conclusion…
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| Just to give you the main points
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| The gist of my argument is…
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| again…
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