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The first practical automobile with a petrol engine was built by Karl Benz in 1885 in Mannheim, Germany. Benz was granted a patent for his automobile on 29 January 1886, and began the first production of automobiles in 1888, after Bertha Benz, his wife, had proved with the first long-distance trip in August 1888 (from Mannheim to Pforzheim and back) that the horseless coach was absolutely suitable for daily use. Since 2008 a Bertha Benz Memorial Route commemorates this event.
Soon after, Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach in Stuttgart in 1889 designed a vehicle from scratch to be an automobile, rather than a horse-drawn carriage fitted with an engine. They also are usually credited as inventors of the first motorcycle, the Daimler Reitwagen, in 1885, but Italy's Enrico Bernardi, of the University of Padua, in 1882, patented a 0.024 horsepower (17.9 W) 122 cc (7.4 cu in) one-cylinder petrol motor, fitting it into his son's tricycle, making it at least a candidate for the first automobile, and first motorcycle. Bernardi enlarged the tricycle in 1892 to carry two adults.
Until 2005, the U.S.A. was leading the world in total automobile production. In 2006, Japan narrowly passed the U.S. in production and held this rank until 2008. In 2009, China took the top spot with 13.78 million units produced. With 18.3 million units produced 2010, China produced nearly twice the amount of second place Japan (9.6 million units), the U.S. trailed in place 3 with 7.8 million units.
Answer the questions:
1. When was the first practical automobile with a petrol engine built?
2. What event does a Bertha Benz Memorial Route commemorate?
3. What country was leading the world in total automobile production until 2005?
4. Bemardi enlarged the tricycle in 1895 to carry two adults, didn‘t he?
Вариант IV.
I. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Определите в каждом из них видовременную форму и залог глагола.
1. The industrial process of production in this company is taken under the manager’s control.
2. His accommodation has been booked by his secretary.
3. A lot of patience is needed to solve the problem fairly.]
4. A lot of people are hired by this company every year.
II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на различные значения слов IT, THAT, ONE.
1. It’s doubtful that the construction of a new underground station will be finished on time.
2. Different services in Volgograd are cheaper than ones in Moscow.
3. The government has decided that this Police officer should be given a medal.
4. Everyone knows that violence can provoke only aggressiveness.
III. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на различные значения глаголов TO BE, TO HAVE, TO DO.
1. I do believe that my son will make a success in his career.
2. On his way to work he got into a slight car accident, but the same day had his car fixed in the service center.
3. When all the duties were distributed I happened to get the worst task and was to deliver some papers to our partners to the other side of the city.
4. The director asks not to disturb him at the moment, he is thinking about the plan.
IV. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение.
1. The medicine the doctor prescribed to me had no effect at all.
2. However he tried for several months the scientist wasn’t able to prove his theory was adequate and correct.
3. He knew he would never be happy in that country and made up his mind he would do best to move to Australia.
4. At last everything we needed on a trip was packed and we were ready to set off.
V. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.
5. To achieve your aim you have to follow some simple rules, one of which is not to delay things for tomorrow.
6. Our top manager is likely to get a promotion soon.
7. The new computer program seemed to be easy to use.
8. Nature has many secrets to be discovered yet.
VI. Прочитайте и письменно переведите следующий текст. Письменно ответьте на вопросы после текста.
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