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Ex.4. a) find words in the text to match the definitions below; reproduce the context they are used in;
b) give their synonyms;
c) suggest their Russian equivalents;
d) use the words in sentences of your own.
1. to involve (someone) in difficulties or complicated circumstances from which it is difficult to escape - to entangle in
2. to include a wide range of ideas, subjects, etc. (formal) – to encompass (охватывать)
3. to deliberately try to influence or change a situation that does not concern you, or that you do not understand - to meddle (вмешиваться)
4. clear and definite, real - tangible (реальный, ощутимый)
5. characterized by strong and turbulent or conflicting emotion - tempestorous (буйный)
6. an award or privilege granted as a special honour or as an acknowledgement of merit - accolade (похвала)
7. originate in or be caused by - to stem (происходить)
8. to found or base something on - to predicate on (основывать)
9. capable of working successfully, feasible - viable (жизнеспособный)
10. corresponding in size and degree, in proportion - commensurate with (соответствующий, соразмерный)
Ex.5. Continue the strings of collocations, translate them. Make up a sentence with one collocation from each list.
1. to be entangled in competition, ___confrontation, war, conflict, relationship______________, _______________, ______________
2. potentially, ____economically, absolutely, _____________, _________________, ______________ viable
3. to prove, ______to remain, to be, to ssem/appear__________, _________________, _______________ viable
4. commensurate with age, _____experience, skills, requirements, risk_____________, ___________________, ______________
5. tangible benefit, _____result, accomplishments, impact, hope, prospect, proof_____________, __________________, ___________________
6. tempestuous relations, _____nature, competition, conflict, talks_____________, _________________, _________________
7. to predicate a strategy, _____doctrine, plan, behavior___________, ____________, _____________ on smth
8. to predicate smth on a scenario, _____faith, facts, assumption, statistics____________, ______________, _______________
9. to earn, ______win, receive, deserve___________, _________________, _______________ an accolade
10. to meddle in someone’s affairs, ____business, discussion, matters, election process___________, _______________, ________________
Ex.6. Fill in the gaps with the words from Ex. 4 and Ex. 5.
1. Capitalism is the only modern monetary-wage labour system that has proved to be ________________ in the long run.
2. Europe's empires found themselves ________________ in complicated military alliances which forced them to take sides once Germany declared war on France on August 4.
3. Modern mainstream Japanese music ________________a wide range of genres, from bubblegum dance pop to soulful ballads and alternative rock.
4. Our reaction to terrorism shouldn't be _______________ on the demography of the terrorists.
5. The main problem area today is to ensure that Poland's military contribution to the alliance would be ________________ with the country's size and potential.
6. It is no exaggeration to call Atkinson the premier interpreter of our modern political history; he has earned the __________________.
7. Small and restrained as it was, the Greek kingdom actively _______________in the internal affairs of the Ottoman state until that empire's collapse.
8. Nearly two thirds of start-up business failures ______________ from “people problems”, according to an academic at Harvard University.
9. The Author is of the view that despite the often _______________ relations between the two countries, Sino-Philippine relations will continue to prosper in the future.
10. Many of these deprivations were material; one _____________ effect of government-enforced austerity measures was a marked shortage of consumer goods.
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