Pause after you've read a section of text. Then:
put what you've read into your own words;
skim through the text and check how accurate your summary is and
fill in any gaps.
· What reading skills should students acquire? Comment on stages of teaching reading at school.
Reading skills: Predicting, Skimming, Scanning, Reading for details. Reading is an activity with a purpose. A person may read in order to gain information or verify existing knowledge, or in order to critique a writer's ideas or writing style. A person may also read for enjoyment, or to enhance knowledge of the language being read. The purpose(s) for reading guide the reader's selection of texts.
Previewing and Predicting: giving a text a quick glance-over to be able to guess what is to come
Steps in Previewing:
ü Read the title
ü Notice if the text is divided into parts
ü Read the first sentence of each paragraph
ü Read the last paragraph or at least the last sentence
ü Notice numbers, dates and words that stand out
Steps in Predicting:
When there is a title, a picture, or some other information about what you will read, stop and think!
When you predict you find out:
üWhat kind of text you will read: a newspaper article, a story, an advertisement, a textbook, a recipe, a letter, or what?
üWhat you already know about what you will read?
üHow carefully you want to read it: To remember every word? For a piece of information? For pleasure?
ü SKIMMING: Fast reading for: key topics, main ideas, overall theme, basic structure
ü SCANNING: Fast reading for: specific information (e.g. names, addresses, facts, prices, numbers, dates, etc)
Stages in teaching reading. There are 3 main stages in teaching reading:
Pre-reading stage During reading or While reading stage After reading stage or Follow Up.
Pre-reading stage
— Write the title. Ask students to write 3 questions that they think the text might answer.
— Write the names of the main characters on the board. Tell a little bit about the characters.
— Select an article about a certain topic. Ask students what they know about the topic. Activity known as K-W-L Chart: Know – Want to Know – Learned.
— Show a picture from the text. Have the students make predictions based upon the picture.
— Present vocabulary and then have students make predictions based upon the vocabulary. Then they read the text to see if their predictions were correct.
During reading or While reading stage
I. Main idea activities to focus on fast reading (skimming) for general points.
— Read the text quickly to find out if their prediction was correct.
— Write three titles on the board. Ask Ss to skim the text and select the best title.
— Show several photos. Have Ss read the text and decide which of these pictures is/are appropriate for the text.
— Skim the text and sequence pictures according to the sequence in the text.
— Read to answer one or two general questions, T/F statements etc. about the content of the text (not too specific at this point).
— Jigsaw reading – cut the text into several parts. Give each part to each student. After reading their parts they put the parts in the correct order.
II. Detailed reading activities – more intensive comprehensive understanding:
— True/false questions
— Multiple choice questions
— Matching questions to answers
— Filling in a chart
— Putting items in order (words, phrases, sentences, pictures)
— Filling in blanks
— Gap filling
— Answering questions (more detailed than in Main idea part, the so called Why-questions)
— Categorizing (e.g. Advantages / Disadvantages)
After reading stage or Follow Up.
Follow Up Activities:
— Role-play
— Debate
— Writing task (e.g. write a letter in reply)
— Personalization (e.g. Have you ever had an experience like this one?)
Write an alternative ending to the story
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