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a) 1. How influential a part does the TV play in children’s lives? Do recollections of TV programmes provide the most part of the majority of young people’s childhood memories? 2. Why do you think people often refer to “the media” when talking about television? 3. Why do the electronic media tend to cause more problems than the print media? 4. Are the additional implications of the word “mass” accurate? 5. How do you think watching television can become addictive? 6. How is it known that some attitudes are absorbed indirectly from the television and then retained? Account for media consumers’ being “subtly conditioned and brainwashed”. 7. Does the television always achieve its intended predetermined response from its audience? Is it more successful than the other forms of media? 8. How does the media’s influence on the language manifest itself? 9.How independent are those people working for the television companies? 10. In the last sentence the pros and cons of television are put rather bluntly. Which outweigh the other? Is the general tone of the essay more pessimistic or more optimistic?
b) The text under discussion is an essay, a short literary prose composition in which a subject is discussed in a personal manner. The word essay was coined by Michel de Montaigne, whose Essais (1580) are informal and intimate discussions. Behind the essay the traditions of oratory and debate lie. From them all essays inherit their persuasion techniques. The essay may usually be identified by certain characteristics of tone, language, and structure. Keeping all above mentioned in mind, study the text and provide examples to illustrate the main features of the essay: 1) tone: personal and conversational versus highbrow and formal; 2) language: informal and colloquial versus official and stylized; 3) structure: loose, flexible versus strictly and logically organized; 4) lexical and syntactical devices aimed to persuade: repetition (repeating of a word within a sentence in order to emphasize), parallel constructions (balance of two or more similar phrases or clauses aimed at enhancing the clearness of thought and readability), homogeneous members of the sentence, rhetorical questions (utterances in the form of question which pronounce judgements), asyndeton (deliberate avoidance of conjunctions), inversion (inverted word order aimed at attaching logical stress to the surface meaning of the utterance). Which of the mentioned above stylistic devices does the author use as persuasion techniques in the essay under analysis?
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