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migrate identify compact accumulate form press develop saturate occur
Give Russian equivalents to the following English ones.
| clay and shale beds | an increase in bulk density |
| fluid flow | the grains are pressed together tightly |
| a sealed hydrocarbon trap | even, more cohesive formation |
| compacted, impermeable shales | differ widely |
| loose, fine-grained sediments | within the confines of a large pore |
| from the deeper sediments | through the constriction of a pore throat |
| a decrease in porosity | at the entry of the reservoir rock |
| a tar pit | in accordance with their densities |
Define the following terms.
| 1. primary migration | 5. oil seep |
| 2. secondary migration | 6. hydrocarbon migration |
| 3. wettability | 7. source rock |
| 4. caprock | 8. trap |
10. Compose collocations from the following terms.
| 1.hydrocarbon | A. rock |
| 2. reservoir | B. migration |
| 3. capillary | C. trap |
| 4. secondary | D. reservoir |
| 5. stratigraphic | E. pressure |
| 6. hydrocarbon | F. accumulation |
| 7. interstitial | G. formation |
| 8. hydrodynamic | H. water |
| 9. cohesive | I. shales |
| 10. impermeable | G. molecules |
Answer the following questions.
1. Where does petroleum occur?
2. Why do hydrocarbons migrate upward?
3. The source rocks are identified as compacted, impermeable shales, aren’t they?
4. When does compaction of sediment begin?
5. What is the result of interstitial water expelling from the deeper sediments?
6. Why do grains become cemented into an even more cohesive formation?
7. Does supersaturation affect the salinity of compaction fluids?
8. What is hydrocarbon migration associated with?
9. Are there any forces in a reservoir?
10. Where do hydrocarbons accumulate?
11. Can you say that fluids are stratified in a trap?
12. What is the result of petroleum accumulations?
Put a preposition into the following gaps.
1. Petroleum occurs ________ compacted clay and shale beds.
2. Hydrocarbons migrate _____ the source rock ______a porous, permeable reservoir.
3. ______leaving the source rock, the hydrocarbons migrate upward __________permeable beds.
4. The salinity ________compaction fluids moving in an upward direction gradually increases ______precipitation occurs ____ _________supersaturation.
5. Secondary migration ______petroleum ends _____ the accumulation _______ a structural or stratigraphic trap.
6. The hydrocarbons accumulate ______the highest point _____ the trap.
7. Petroleum may be transported _______ another sedimentary sequence as a result _________rapid erosion and clastic transport.
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