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Task 1. Read and translate the text.
HOW BRITAIN IS GOVERNED
Britain consists of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. London, the capital, is the center of government for the whole of Britain, but local authorities are partly responsible for education, health care, roads, the police and some other things.
Laws are made by Parliament. There are two ‘houses’: the House of Commons and the House of Lords (which has little power). Members of the House of Commons are called MPs (Members of Parliament); an MP is elected by the people from a particular area.
Parliamentary elections are held every five years or less. The leader of the majority party in the Parliament becomes the Prime Minister, and he or she chooses the MPs who will run the different departments of government – the ministers. The Prime Minister and the most important ministers make up the Cabinet, which is the real government of the country.
There are three main political parties: the Labour Party (left-wing), the Conservative Party (right-wing), and the Social Democrat-Liberal Alliance (centre).
Britain has a ceremonial Head of State, the King or the Queen, who has no political power.
Task 2. Find the English equivalents in the text.
– местные власти
– Палата Общин
– Палата Лордов
– премьер-министр
– глава государства
– лейбористская партия (Партия Лейбористов)
– консервативная партия (Партия Консерваторов)
– Социал-демократический и либеральный альянс
Task 3. Answer the questions on the text.
1. What countries does Britain consist of?
2. What are local authorities responsible for?
3. Where are laws made? What body is the legislative branch in the UK?
4. How many houses are there in the British Parliament? What are they?
5. How are the MPs elected?
6. Who is the Prime Minister in Great Britain?
7. What are the main political parties in the UK?
8. Does the Queen have any political power?
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