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Different types of articles in English and second foreign language.

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An article is a word that modifies or describes the Noun. It is used before the noun to show whether it refers to something specific or not. So, in a way, articles can also be described as a type of adjectives as they also tell us something about the nouns, like adjectives.There are two types of Articles in the English language. They are as follows:

Definite article: Definite means to be clear, exact or obvious about something. It is called definite because it is used in relation to a particular thing or person. “The” is the definite article in English, which is used to refer to particular nouns, the identities of which are known. The definite article indicates that the noun is specific. The speaker talks about a particular thing.

For example: The cat sat on the couch.The dog attacked me and ran away.

Indefinite articles: Indefinite means something which is not clear, obvious or exact. They are called indefinite because the identity of the thing or person being spoken about is left unclear or indefinite. The indefinite article indicates that the noun is not someone or something in particular. The speaker talks about any one of that type of things. The indefinite articles in English are "a" and "an." For example:

Do you have a pencil?

I want to have an apple.

Notice how the speaker is not asking for a particular pencil or apple, but any pencil or apple in the above sentences.

In German nouns are often accompanied by an article. These can either be definite or indefinite, the number and the gender.

In German you have three different genders:

- Masculine (m) - Feminine (f) - Neuter (n)

and two numbers:

- Singular - Plural

The matter of grammatical gender in German is quite different from other languages.

The definition of the gender of nouns does not entirely depend on its sex.

For example:

the woman = die Frau (f)

but

the girl = das Mädchen (n)

Both are of feminine gender, but still the articles are different.

In German we have 3 different words for “ocean” or “sea” and each of them has its own gender: der Ozean (m), das Meer (f), die See (n). It is not always the best choice to simply transfer the gender from one language into another. It can often go wrong, as this example show.The genders are the opposite way around! The sun is masculine in Spanish, whereas it’s female in German and the Spanish moon is female, whereas the German one is masculine. In English they are all referred to with “the”. The genders… Enough to drive you crazy!

You have no choice as to memorise the German nouns directly with their article and to learn them by heart.

The definite article in plural is always “die”, no matter the gender.

The indefinite article in singular for the masculine and neuter gender is always “ein”.

There is no plural existing for the indefinite articles.

German articles are words that combine with a noun to indicate the type of reference being made by the noun. Generally articles specify the grammatical definiteness of the noun. Examples are "the, a, and an". Here are some examples:

English Articles Articles German Articles Artikel
the a one some few the book the books a book one book some books few books der, die, das einer, eine, ein eins einige wenige das Buch die Bücher ein Buch ein Buch einige Bücher ein paar Bücher

 

 

Definite and Indefinite Articles have a very important role in German, therefore they need very special attention.




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